Range
The Murray cod is named after the Murray River. The Murray River is part of the Murray-Darling basin in eastern Australia, Australia's largest and most important river system, draining approximately 14% of the continent. The Murray cod's natural range encompasses virtually the whole Murray-Darling Basin, particularly the lowland areas, and extending well into upland areas — to about 700 m (2,297 ft) elevation in the southern half of the basin and to about 1,000 m (3,281 ft) in the northern half of the basin.
Consequently, Murray cod inhabit a remarkably wide variety of habitats, from cool, clear, fast-flowing streams with riffle-and-pool structure and rocky substrates in upland areas to large, slow flowing, meandering rivers in the extensive alluvial lowland reaches of the Murray-Darling Basin.
Murray cod have died out in many of their upland habitats, particularly in the southern Murray-Darling basin, due to a combination of overfishing, siltation, dams and weirs blocking migration, pollution from arsenic-based sheep-dips, mining and in some cases, introduced trout stockings, which causes competition between juvenile Murray cod and introduced trout species.
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