Design and Construction
In the late 1970s, Townsend Thoresen commissioned the design and construction of three new identical ships for its Dover–Calais route for delivery from 1980. The ships were branded the Spirit-class and were named Herald of Free Enterprise, Pride of Free Enterprise and Spirit of Free Enterprise.
The Dover–Calais crossing of the Channel is the shortest route between England and France, and in 1987 (prior to the opening of the Channel Tunnel) it was the quickest route. To remain competitive with other ferry operators on the route, Townsend Thoresen required ships which were designed to permit fast loading and unloading and quick acceleration. The ships comprised eight decks numbered A to H from top to bottom which contained the following:
- A deck: Crew accommodation and radio room
- B deck: Crew accommodation and galley
- C deck: Passenger areas and galley
- D deck: Suspended vehicle deck within E deck
- E deck: Upper vehicle deck
- F deck: Mezzanine level
- G deck: Main vehicle deck
- H deck: Engine rooms, stores and passenger accommodation
Loading of vehicles onto G deck was through watertight doors at the bow and stern. Both sets of doors were hinged about a vertical axis, meaning the status of the bow doors could not be seen from the wheel house. Loading of vehicles onto E deck and F deck was through a weathertight door at the bow and an open portal at the stern. Vehicles could be loaded and unloaded onto E and G deck simultaneously using double-deck linkspans in use at Dover and Calais.
The ships were constructed by Schichau-Unterweser AG in Bremerhaven, Germany.
Read more about this topic: MS Herald of Free Enterprise
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