In global motion compensation, the motion model basically reflects camera motions such as:
- Dolly - moving the camera forward or backward
- Track - moving the camera left or right
- Boom - moving the camera up or down
- Pan - rotating the camera around its Y axis, moving the view left or right
- Tilt - rotating the camera around its X axis, moving the view up or down
- Roll - rotating the camera around the view axis
It works best for still scenes without moving objects.
There are several advantages of global motion compensation:
- It models the dominant motion usually found in video sequences with just a few parameters. The share in bit-rate of these parameters is negligible.
- It does not partition the frames. This avoids artifacts at partition borders.
- A straight line (in the time direction) of pixels with equal spatial positions in the frame corresponds to a continuously moving point in the real scene. Other MC schemes introduce discontinuities in the time direction.
MPEG-4 ASP supports GMC with three reference points, although some implementations can only make use of one. A single reference point only allows for translational motion which for its relatively large performance cost provides little advantage over block based motion compensation.
Moving objects within a frame are not sufficiently represented by global motion compensation. Thus, local motion estimation is also needed.
Read more about this topic: Motion Compensation
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