Consonants
Below are the consonants of modern General Israeli Hebrew. Some historically distinctive Hebrew phonemes have merged in modern Hebrew, such as historically distinctive /t/, /θ/, /tˤ/ (now all pronounced ), written respectively by the letters Tav (תּ), Ṯav (ת) and Ṭet (ט). The exact nature of the emphatic feature for emphatic consonants is a matter of debate; the most commonly suggested possibilities are pharyngealization (as in Arabic) and glottalized (as in the Ethiopian Semitic languages). For these cases, the Academy of the Hebrew Language suggests two transliteration sets, a generic one, reflecting modern phonology, and a strict one, reflecting the orthographic distinctions, which are still in use, and the historical phonology.
| Bilabial | Labio- dental |
Alveolar | Palato- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ||||||||
| Stop | voiceless | p 1 | t | k | ʔ | |||||
| voiced | b 1 | d | ɡ | |||||||
| Affricate | voiceless | ts 2 | tʃ 1 | |||||||
| voiced | dz 1 | dʒ 1 | ||||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f 1 | s | ʃ | χ | ħ4 | h | |||
| voiced | v | z | ʒ 1 | ʁ̞ 3 | ʕ 4 | |||||
| Approximant | l | j | w 1 | |||||||
Read more about this topic: Modern Hebrew Phonology