Sounds
The phoneme inventory of Marathi is similar to that of many other Indo-Aryan languages, especially that of the Konkani language. An IPA chart of all contrastive sounds in Marathi is provided below.
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Alveopalatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voiceless stops |
p pʰ |
t̪ t̪ʰ |
ts |
ʈ ʈʰ |
tʃ tʃʰ |
k kʰ |
|
| Voiced stops |
b bʱ |
d̪ d̪ʱ |
dz dzʱ |
ɖ ɖʱ |
dʒ dʒʱ |
ɡ ɡʱ |
|
| Voiceless fricatives |
s | ʃ | h | ||||
| Nasals | m mʱ |
n̪ n̪ʱ |
ɳ |
||||
| Liquids | ʋ ʋʱ |
l ɾ lʱ ɾʱ |
ɭ | j |
Older aspirated *tsʰ, dzʱ have lost their onset, with *tsʰ merging with /s/ and *dzʱ being typically realized as an aspirated fricative, . This /ts, dz, zʱ/ series is not distinguished in writing from /tʃ, tʃʰ, dʒ, dʒʱ/.
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | u | |
| Mid | e | ə | o |
| Low | a |
There are two more vowels in Marathi to denote the pronunciations of English words such as of a in act and a in all. These are written as अॅ and ऑ. The IPA signs for these are and, respectively. Marathi retains the original Sanskrit pronunciations of certain alphabets such as the anusvāra (for instance, saṃhar, compared to sanhar in Hindi). Moreover, Marathi preserves certain Sanskrit patterns of pronunciation, as in the words purṇa and rāma compared to purṇ and rām in Hindi.
Read more about this topic: Marathi Language
Famous quotes containing the word sounds:
“Then sounds the voice of One who like the heart of man
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‘Still do I love, still shed my innocent light, my Blood, for thee.’”
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“From troublous sights and sounds set free;
In such a twilight hour of breath,
Shall one retrace his life or see,
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Are written on the subway walls
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And whispered in the sounds of silence.”
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