Comparison of Malay Varieties
A comparison of various varieties of Malay, plus three Para-Malay languages:
English = Where are you going on this bicycle? May I go with you?
| Language | Sentence | Spoken In |
| Varieties of Malay | ||
|---|---|---|
| Standard Court Malay (formal) | Ke mana engkau hendak pergi dengan kereta angin itu? Bolehkah saya ikut? |
Ancient Riau-Johor-Malacca |
| Standard Malaysian Malay (formal) | Ke manakah kamu mahu/hendak pergi dengan basikal itu? Bolehkah saya ikut? |
Malaysia |
| Standard Indonesian (formal) | Kamu akan bersepeda ke mana? Bolehkah saya ikut? |
Indonesia |
| Indonesian-Betawi (informal) | Lu mau naik sepeda ke mana? Boleh ikut nggak? |
Jakarta (Indonesia) |
| Johor/Selangor dialect | Kau nak pergi ke mane dengan basikal tu? Boleh saye ikut? |
Central and Southern States of Peninsular Malaysia including Pahang and Southern Perak |
| Bengkulu (Central Malay) | Kau ndak pergi mano kek sepedo tu? Aku bulih ikuik idak? |
Bengkulu (Indonesia) |
| Jambi dialect | Kau nak pergi ke mano naek sepedo tu? Aku biso ikut dak? |
Jambi (Indonesia) |
| Palembang dialect | Kau nak pergi ke mano naek sepedo tu? Aku pacak melok dak? |
South Sumatra (Indonesia) |
| Bangka dialect | Ka nek pergi ke mane naek ketangin tu? Ku boleh ngikut dak? |
Bangka Island (Indonesia) |
| Belitung dialect | Ikam nak pergi ke mane naek ketangin tu? Aku bisak ngikut ndak? |
Belitung Island (Indonesia) |
| Banjar Malay | Ikam/kawu handak tulak ka mana basapeda tu? Bulih kada' aku umpat? |
South Kalimantan (Indonesia), Northern Perak (Malaysia) |
| Kedah dialect | Hang nak pi mana naik gerek tu? Aku ikut buleh dak? |
Northern States of Peninsular Malaysia, Western part of Southern Thailand |
| Baling dialect | Mu nok gi mano naik gerek tu? Ku nak ikut buleh dak? |
Eastern part of Kedah (Baling, Sik and Padang Terap), Yala, Pattani, Satun |
| Terengganu dialect | Mung nok gi mane naik basikal tu? Buleh dok nok ikuk? |
Terengganu (Malaysia) |
| Kelantan dialect | Demo nok gi mano naik gerek tuh? Buleh kawe ikuk? |
Kelantan (Malaysia), Eastern part of Southern Thailand, Northern Terengganu |
| Pahang dialect | Awok nok kone naik sike tu? Boleh tok kome/koi/kas/kawan/kawas ikut? |
Entire Pahang (Malaysia) |
| Perak dialect | Mike nak ke mane naik sika tu? Teman nak ngekor buleh? |
Perak (Malaysia) |
| Penang dialect | Hang nak pi mana naik basikal tu? Aku ikut boleh tak? |
Penang and Northern Perak (Malaysia) |
| Negeri Sembilan dialect | Ekau nak poie mano nek basika tu? Den ikut bulih tak? |
Negeri Sembilan and part of Malacca |
| Brunei Malay | Kan kamana kau babiskal tu? Bulih ku ikut? |
Brunei Darussalam and Labuan |
| Sarawak Malay | Ke sine kitak maok make basikal? Boleh sik kamik ngekot? |
Sarawak (Malaysia) |
| Sabah Malay | Mana ko mo pigi sama itu beskal? Buli sia ikut ka? |
Sabah (Malaysia) |
| Pontianak dialect | Mane kitak nak pergi naik sepeda tu? Kamek bulih ikut tadak? |
West Kalimantan (Indonesia) |
| Larantuka Malay | Flores | |
| Kutai Malay | Nda pegi kemana besepeda tu ? Kawa umpat ndi ? |
East Kalimantan (Indonesia) |
| Para-Malay languages | ||
| Minangkabau | Pai kama jo kareta angin tu? Bulih indak den ikuik? |
West Sumatra, the western part of Riau and Jambi, the western coast of Aceh and North Sumatra, the northern part of Bengkulu (Indonesia), Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia) |
| Negeri Sembilan Malay | Ekau nak poie mano naik basikal tu? Boleh den ikut? |
Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia) |
| Rawa | Kao nak poie mano nek basika to? Buleh ikoiyt ko indo? |
Gopeng (Malaysia) |
Word by word comparison (based on sentences above):
| Language/dialect | Ke | Mana | Kamu | Mahu | Pergi | Dengan | Basikal | Itu | Boleh | -kah (atau tidak) | Saya | Ikut | Extra Words |
| English proximate literal translation | to | where | you | want | to go | with | bicycle | that | can/may | or not | I | follow | 1:to ride, 2:"question particle" |
| Standard Malaysian Malay (formal) | ke | mana | kamu | mahu | pergi | dengan | basikal | itu | boleh | kah | saya | ikut | -- |
| Malay language (informal) | ~omitted~ | mane | ko | nak | pegi | ngan | basikal | tu | boleh | ~omitted~ | aku | ikut | -- |
| Standard Indonesian Malay (formal) | ke | mana | kamu | mau | pergi | dengan | sepeda | itu | bisa | kah | saya | ikut | -- |
| Indonesian (informal) | ke | mana | lu | mau | ~omitted~ | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | sepeda | tu | boleh | nggak | ~omitted~ | ikut | 1:naik |
| Singapore Malay (formal) | ke | mana | awak | hendak | pergi | dengan | basikal | itu | boleh | ~omitted~ | saya | ikut | -- |
| Singapore Malay (informal) | ~omitted~ | mane | ko | nak | pegi | ngan | basikal | tu | boleh | ~omitted~ | aku | ikut | -- |
| Johor/Kuala Lumpur dialect | ke | mane | kau | nak | pergi | dengan | basikal | itu | boleh | ~omitted~ | saye | ikut | -- |
| Bengkulu dialect | ~omitted~ | mano | kau | ndak | pergi | kek | sepedo | tu | bulih | idak | aku | ikuik | -- |
| Jambi dialect | ke | mano | kau | nak | pergi | ~substituted with 'naek'~ | sepedo | tu | biso | dak | aku | ikut | 1:naek |
| Palembang dialect | ke | mano | kau | nak | pergi | ~substituted with 'naek'~ | sepedo | tu | pacak | dak | aku | melok | 1:naek |
| Bangka dialect | ke | mane | ka | nek | pergi | ~substituted with 'naek'~ | ketangin | tu | boleh | dak | ku | ngikut | 1:naek |
| Belitung dialect | ke | mane | ikam | nak | pergi | ~substituted with 'naek'~ | ketangin | tu | bisak | ndak | aku | ngikut | 1:naek |
| Banjar Malay | ka- | -mana | ikam/kawu | handak | tulak | ba- | sapeda | tu | kawa | kada' | aku | umpat | - |
| Kedah dialect | ~omitted~ | mana | hang | nak | pi | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | gerek | tu | buleh | dak | aku | ikut | 1:naik |
| Baling Dialect | ~omitted~ | mano | mu / dema | nok | gi | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | gerek | tuh | buleh | dok | ku / ambe | ikut | 1:naik |
| Terengganu dialect | ~omitted~ | mane | mung | nok | gi | ~substituted with 'naik/nge'~ | basika | tu | buleh | dok | ambe | ikut | 1:naik/getek |
| Kelantan dialect | ~omitted~ | mano | demo | nok | gi | ~substituted with 'naik/ngey'~ | basika | tuh | buleh | dok | kawe | turuk | 1:naik |
| Pahang dialect | ~omitted~ | kone | awok | nok | gi | ~substituted with 'naik/ngan'~ | sike | tu | boleh | tok | kome/koi/kas/kawan/kawas | ikut | 1:naik |
| Perak dialect | ke | mane | mike | nak | ~omitted~ | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | sika | tu | buleh | ~omitted~ | teman | ngekor | 1:naik |
| Penang dialect | ~omitted~ | mana | hang | nak | pi | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | basikal | tu | boleh | tak | aku | ikut | 1:naik |
| Brunei Malay | ka- | -mana | kau | ~omitted~ | ~omitted~ | ba- | -biskal | ~omitted~ | bulih | ~omitted~ | ku | ikut | 2:ah |
| Sarawak Malay | ke | sine | kitak | maok | ~omitted~ | make | basikal | ~omitted~ | boleh | sik | kamik | ngekot | -- |
| Sabah Malay | ~omitted~ | mana | ko | mo | pigi | sama | beskal | itu | buli | ka | sia | ikut | -- |
| Pontianak dialect | ~omitted~ | mane | kitak | nak | pergi | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | sepeda | tu | bulih | tadak | kamek | ikut | 1:naik |
| Minangkabau | ka- | -ma | kau | nio | pai | jo | kareta angin | tu | buliah | ndak | den | ikuik | -- |
| Negeri Sembilan | ~omitted~ | mano | ekau | nak | poie | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | basikal | tu | boleh | ~omitted~ | den | ikut | 1:naik |
| Rawa | ~omitted~ | mano | kao | nak | poie | ~substituted with 'nek'~ | basika | to | buleh | ko indo | ~omitted~ | ikoiyt | 1:nek |
Read more about this topic: Malayan Languages
Famous quotes containing the words comparison of, comparison and/or varieties:
“When we reflect on our past sentiments and affections, our thought is a faithful mirror, and copies its objects truly; but the colours which it employs are faint and dull, in comparison of those in which our original perceptions were clothed.”
—David Hume (1711–1776)
“The comparison between Coleridge and Johnson is obvious in so far as each held sway chiefly by the power of his tongue. The difference between their methods is so marked that it is tempting, but also unnecessary, to judge one to be inferior to the other. Johnson was robust, combative, and concrete; Coleridge was the opposite. The contrast was perhaps in his mind when he said of Johnson: “his bow-wow manner must have had a good deal to do with the effect produced.””
—Virginia Woolf (1882–1941)
“Now there are varieties of gifts, but the same Spirit; and there are varieties of services, but the same Lord; and there are varieties of activities, but it is the same God who activates all of them in everyone.”
—Bible: New Testament, 1 Corinthians 12:4-6.