East Indonesian Malay
The creoles of eastern Indonesia appear to have formed as Malays and Javanese, using lingua franca Malay, established their monopoly on the spice trade before the European colonial era. They have a number of features in common:
- ə becomes a, e, or assimilates to the following vowel
- i, u lower to e, o in some environments
- there is a loss of final plosives p, t, k, and the neutralization of final nasals in part of the lexicon
- the perfective marker sudah reduces to su or so
For example,
- makan becomes makang
- pergi becomes pigi or pi
- terkejut becomes takajo
- lembut becomes lombo
- dapat becomes dapa
Bacan is perhaps the most archaic, and appears to be closely related to Brunei Malay (which is not a creole).
Read more about this topic: Malay Trade And Creole Languages
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