Long-tailed Weasel - Subspecies

As of 2005, 42 subspecies are recognised.

Subspecies Trinomial authority Description Range Synonyms
Bridled weasel
Mustela f. frenata

(Nominate subspecies)

Lichtenstein, 1831 A large subspecies with a long tail, relatively short black tip and has a black head with conspicuous white markings Mexico


Mustela f. affinis Gray, 1874 A large, very dark subspecies with very little white marking on the face


Mustela f. agilis Tschudi, 1844
Black Hills weasel
Mustela f. alleni
Merriam, 1896 Similair to arizonensis in size and general characters, but with yellower upper parts Black Hills, South Dakota
Mustela f. altifrontalis Hall, 1936
Arizona weasel
Mustela f. arizonensis
Mearns, 1891 Similair to longicauda, but smaller in size Sierra Nevada and Rocky Mountain systems, reaching British Columbia in the Rocky Mountain region
Mustela f. arthuri Hall, 1927
Mustela e. celenda Hall, 1944
Mustela f. aureoventris Gray, 1864


Mustela f. boliviensis Hall, 1938
Mustela f. costaricensis Goldman, 1912
Mustela f. effera Hall, 1936
Chiapas weasel
Mustela f. goldmani
Merriam, 1896 Similair to frenata in size and general characters, but with a longer tail and hind feet, darker fur and more restricted white markings Mountains of southeastern Chiapas
Mustela f. gracilis Brown, 1908
Mustela f. helleri Hall, 1935
Mustela f. inyoensis Hall, 1936
Mustela f. latirostra Hall, 1896
Mustela f. leucoparia Merriam, 1896 Similair to frenata, but slightly larger and with more extensive white markings
Common long-tailed weasel
Mustela f. longicauda

Bonaparte, 1838 A large subspecies with a very long tail and short black tip. The upper parts are pale yellowish brown or pale raw amber brown, while the underparts vary in colour from strong buffy yellow to ochraceous orange Great Plains from Kansas northward
Mustela f. macrophonius Elliot, 1905
Mustela f. munda Bangs, 1899
Mustela f. neomexicanus Barber and Cockerell, 1898
Mustela f. nevadensis Hall, 1936
Mustela f. nicaraguae J. A. Allen, 1916
Mustela f. nigriauris Hall, 1936

Mustela f. notius

Bangs, 1899
New York weasel
Mustela f. noveboracensis

Emmons, 1840 A large subspecies, with a shorter tail than longicauda. The upper parts are rich, dark chocolate brown, while the underparts and upper lip are white and washed with yellowish. Eastern United States from southern Maine to North Carolina and west to Illinois

Mustela f. occisor Bangs, 1899
Mustela f. olivacea Howell, 1913
Oregon weasel
Mustela f. oregonensis
Merriam, 1896 Similair to xanthogenys, but larger, darker in colour and has more restricted facial markings Rogue River Valley, Oregon
Mustela f. oribasus Bangs, 1899
Mustela f. panamensis Hall, 1932
Florida weasel
Mustela f. peninsulae

Rhoads, 1894 Equal in size to noveboracensis, but with a skull more similair to that of longicauda. The upper parts are dull chocolate brown, while the underparts are yellowish Florida Peninsula
Mustela f. perda Merriam, 1902
Mustela f. perotae Hall, 1936
Mustela f. primulina Jackson, 1913
Mustela f. pulchra Hall, 1936
Cascade Mountain weasel
Mustela f. saturata
Merriam, 1896 Similair to arizonensis, but larger and darker, with an ochraceous belly and distinct spots behind the corners of the mouth
Mustela f. spadix Bangs, 1896 Similair to longicauda, but much darker
Mustela f. texensis Hall, 1936
Tropical weasel
Mustela f. tropicalis

Merriam, 1896 Similair to frenata, but much smaller and darker, with less extensive white facial marking and an orange underbelly Tropical coast belt of southern Mexico and Guatemala from Vera Cruz southward



Washington weasel
Mustela f. washingtoni
Merriam, 1896 Similair to noveboracensis in size, but with a longer tail and shorter black tip Washington state
California weasel
Mustela f. xanthogenys
Gray, 1843 A medium sized subspecies with a long tail, a face marked with whitish and ochraceous underparts Sonoran and Transition faunas of California, on both sides of Sierra Nevada

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