South America
- Argentina
- President - Pedro Eugenio Aramburu, President of Argentina (1955–1958)
- Bolivia
- President - Hernán Siles Zuazo, President of Bolivia (1956–1960)
- Brazil
- President - Juscelino Kubitschek, President of Brazil (1956–1961)
- Chile
- President - Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, President of Chile (1952–1958)
- Colombia
- Head of State -
- Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, President of Colombia (1953–1957)
- Gabriel París Gordillo, Chairman of the Military Junta of Colombia (1957–1958)
- Head of State -
- Ecuador
- President - Camilo Ponce Enríquez, President of Ecuador (1956–1960)
- Paraguay
- President - Alfredo Stroessner, President of Paraguay (1954–1989)
- Peru
- President - Manuel Prado Ugarteche, President of Peru (1956–1962)
- Prime Minister - Manuel Cisneros Sánchez, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (1956–1958)
- Uruguay
- Head of State -
- Alberto Fermín Zubiría, President of the National Council of Government of Uruguay (1956–1957)
- Arturo Lezama, President of the National Council of Government of Uruguay (1957–1958)
- Head of State -
- Venezuela
- President - Marcos Pérez Jiménez, President of Venezuela (1952–1958)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1957
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“I need not tell you of the inadequacy of the American shipping marine on the Pacific Coast.... For this reason it seems to me that there is no subject to which Congress can better devote its attention in the coming session than the passage of a bill which shall encourage our merchant marine in such a way as to establish American lines directly between New York and the eastern ports and South American ports, and both our Pacific Coast ports and the Orient and the Philippines.”
—William Howard Taft (1857–1930)
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—M. E. W. Sherwood (1826–1903)
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—Jane Jacobs (b. 1916)