List of State Leaders in 1937 - Europe

Europe

  • Albania
    • Monarch - Zog, King of the Albanians (1925–1939)
    • Prime Minister - Kostaq Kota, Prime Minister of Albania (1936–1939)
  • Andorra
    • Monarchs -
      • French Co-Prince - Albert François Lebrun, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1932–1940)
      • Episcopal Co-Prince - Justí Guitart i Vilardebó, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1920–1940)
    • First Syndic -
      1. Francesc Molné, First Syndic of Andorra (1936–1937)
      2. Francesc Cairat Freixes, First Syndic of Andorra (1937–1960)
  • Austria
    • President - Wilhelm Miklas, Federal President of Austria (1928–1938)
    • Chancellor - Kurt Schuschnigg, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1934–1938)
  • Belgium
    • Monarch - Leopold III, King of the Belgians (1934–1951)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Paul van Zeeland, Prime Minister of Belgium (1935–1937)
      2. Paul-Emile Janson, Prime Minister of Belgium (1937–1938)
  • Bulgaria
    • Monarch - Boris III, Tsar of the Bulgarians (1918–1943)
    • Premier - Georgi Kyoseivanov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1935–1940)
  • Czechoslovakia
    • President - Edvard Beneš, President of Czechoslovakia (1935–1938)
    • Prime Minister - Milan Hodža, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1935–1938)
  • Danzig (free city under League of Nations protection)
    • High Commissioner -
      1. Seán Lester, League of Nations High Commissioner for Danzig (1934–1937)
      2. Carl Jacob Burckhardt, League of Nations High Commissioner for Danzig (1937–1939)
    • Head of State - Arthur Greiser, President of the Senate of Danzig (1934–1939)
  • Denmark
    • Monarch - Christian X, King of Denmark (1912–1947)
    • Prime Minister - Thorvald Stauning, Prime Minister of Denmark (1929–1942)
  • Estonia
    • Head of State - Konstantin Päts, State Elder of Estonia (1933–1940)
    • Prime Minister - Konstantin Päts, Prime Minister of Estonia (1934–1937)
  • Finland
    • President -
      1. Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, President of Finland (1931–1937)
      2. Kyösti Kallio, President of Finland (1937–1940)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Kyösti Kallio, Prime Minister of Finland (1936–1937)
      2. Aimo Cajander, Prime Minister of Finland (1937–1939)
  • France
    • President - Albert François Lebrun, President of France (1932–1940)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Léon Blum, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1936–1937)
      2. Camille Chautemps, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1937–1938)
  • Germany
    • Head of State - Adolf Hitler, Führer of Germany (1934–1945)
    • Chancellor - Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Germany (1933–1945)
  • Greece
    • Monarch - George II, King of the Hellenes (1935–1947)
    • Prime Minister - Ioannis Metaxas, President of the Ministerial Council of Greece (1936–1941)
  • Hungary
    • Head of State - Miklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary (1920–1944)
    • Prime Minister - Kálmán Darányi, Prime Minister of Hungary (1936–1938)
  • Iceland
    • Monarch - Christian X, King of Iceland (1918–1944)
    • Prime Minister - Hermann Jónasson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1934–1942)
  • Ireland
    • the Irish Free State was superseded by Ireland (Éire) on December 29, 1937
    • Monarch - George VI, King of Ireland (1936–1949)
    • Governor-General - vacant, Governor-General of the Irish Free State (1936–1937)
    • President - Presidential Commission, Acting President of Ireland (1937–1938)
    • Head of Government - Éamon de Valera, President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State (1932–1948)
  • Italy
    • Monarch - Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
    • Prime Minister - Benito Mussolini, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1922–1943)
  • Latvia
    • President - Kārlis Ulmanis, President of Latvia (1936–1940)
    • Prime Minister - Kārlis Ulmanis, Prime Minister of Latvia (1934–1940)
  • Liechtenstein
    • Monarch - Franz I, Prince of Liechtenstein (1929–1938)
    • Head of Government - Josef Hoop, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1928–1945)
  • Lithuania
    • President - Antanas Smetona, President of Lithuania (1926–1940)
    • Prime Minister - Juozas Tūbelis, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1929–1938)
  • Luxembourg
    • Monarch - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1919–1964)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Joseph Bech, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1926–1937)
      2. Pierre Dupong, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1937–1953)
  • Monaco
    • Monarch - Louis II, Prince of Monaco (1922–1949)
    • Head of Government -
      1. Maurice Bouilloux-Lafont, Minister of State of Monaco (1932–1937)
      2. Henry Mauran, Acting Minister of State of Monaco (1937)
      3. Émile Roblot, Minister of State of Monaco (1937–1944)
  • Netherlands
    • Monarch - Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)
    • Prime Minister - Hendrikus Colijn, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands (1933–1939)
  • Norway
    • Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)
    • Prime Minister - Johan Nygaardsvold, Prime Minister of Norway (1935–1945)
  • Poland
    • President - Ignacy Mościcki, President of Poland (1926–1939)
    • Prime Minister - Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1936–1939)
  • Portugal
    • President - Óscar Carmona, President of Portugal (1926–1951)
    • Prime Minister - António de Oliveira Salazar, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1932–1968)
  • Romania
    • Monarch - Carol II, King of the Romanians (1930–1940)
    • Premier -
      1. Gheorghe Tătărescu, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1934–1937)
      2. Octavian Goga, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1937–1938)
  • San Marino
    • Captains Regent -
      1. Francesco Morri and Gino Ceccoli, Captains Regent of San Marino (1936–1937)
      2. Giuliano Gozi and Settimio Belluzzi, Captains Regent of San Marino (1937)
      3. Marino Rossi and Giovanni Lonfernini, Captains Regent of San Marino (1937–1938)
  • Soviet Union
    • Communist Party Leader - Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1953)
    • Head of State - Mikhail Kalinin, Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Congress of Soviets of the Soviet Union (1919–1946)
    • Premier - Vyacheslav Molotov, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union (1930–1941)
  • Spain
    • Spanish Republic
      • President - Manuel Azaña, President of Spain (1936–1939)
      • Prime Minister -
        1. Francisco Largo Caballero, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1937–1939)
        2. Juan Negrín, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1937–1939)
    • Spanish State
      • Head of State - Francisco Franco, Head of State of Spain (1936–1975)
      • Head of Government -
        1. Fidel Dávila Arrondo, President of the Technical Board of State of Spain (1936–1937)
        2. Francisco Gómez-Jordana, Count of Jordana, President of the Technical Board of State of Spain (1937–1938)
  • Sweden
    • Monarch - Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907–1950)
    • Prime Minister - Per Albin Hansson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1936–1946)
  • Switzerland
    • Swiss Federal Council:
      Giuseppe Motta (1911–1940, President), Marcel Pilet-Golaz (1928–1944), Albert Meyer (1929–1938), Rudolf Minger (1929–1940), Philipp Etter (1934–1959), Johannes Baumann (1934–1940), Hermann Obrecht (1935–1940)
  • United Kingdom
    • Monarch - George VI, King of the United Kingdom (1936–1952)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Stanley Baldwin, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1935–1937)
      2. Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1937–1940)
  • Vatican City
    • Monarch - Pope Pius XI, Sovereign of Vatican City (1929–1939)
    • Governor - Camillo Serafini, Governor of Vatican City (1929–1952)
    • Holy See
      • Secretary of State - Eugenio Pacelli, Cardinal Secretary of State (1930–1939)
  • Yugoslavia
    • Monarch - Peter II, King of Yugoslavia (1934–1945)
    • Regent - Prince Paul, Prince Regent of Yugoslavia (1934–1941)
    • Prime Minister - Milan Stojadinović, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1935–1939)

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