List of State Leaders in 1623 - Europe

Europe

  • Andorra - Luís Díes Aux de Armendáriz, Co-Prince of Andorra (with King Louis XIII of France), (1621–1627)
  • Denmark–Norway - Christian IV, King of Denmark (1588–1648)
  • England - James I, King of England (1603–1625) - also King of Scotland
  • France - Louis XIII, King of France (1610–1643)
  • Republic of Genoa -
    1. Giorgio Centurione, Doge of Genoa, (1621–1623)
    2. Federico De Franchi, Doge of Genoa, (1623–1625)
  • Holy Roman Empire - Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (1619–1637)
    • Bavaria - Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria (1597–1651)
    • Bremen, Prince-Archbishopric - John Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, Lutheran Administrator of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (1596–1634)
    • Lübeck, Prince-Bishopric - John Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, Lutheran Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck (1607–1634)
    • Verden, Prince-Bishopric - Frederick II (later Frederick III of Denmark), Lutheran Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Verden (1623–1629 and again 1635–1644)
  • Imereti - George III, King of Imereti (1605–1639)
  • Kakheti - Teimuraz I, King of Kakheti (1605–1614, 1623–1633, 1636–1648)
  • Kartli - Simon II, King of Kartli (1619–1630)
    • Giorgi Saakadze, Regent and Grand Mouravi of Kartli (1619–1626)
  • Moldavia -
    1. Ştefan II Tomşa, Prince of Moldavia (1621–1623)
    2. Radu Mihnea, Prince of Moldavia (1623–1626)
  • Monaco - Honoré II, Prince of Monaco (1604–1662)
  • Ottoman ( Turkish ) Empire
    1. Mustafa I, Ottoman Sultan (1617–1618 and 1622–1623)
    2. Murat IV, Ottoman Sultan (1623–1640)
  • Papal States -
    1. Gregory XV, Pope (1621–1623)
    2. Urban VIII, Pope (1623–1644)
  • Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Sigismund III Vasa, King of Poland (1587–1632)
  • Russia - Michael Romanov (1613–1645)
  • Scotland - James VI, King of Scotland (1567–1625) - also King of England
  • Spain - Philip IV, King of Spain (1621–1665)
  • Sweden - Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden (1611–1632)
  • Grand Duchy of Tuscany - Ferdinando II, (1621–1670)
    • Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria and Christina of Lorraine, Co-Regents of Tuscany (1621–1628)
  • United Provinces
    • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
    • Stadtholder - Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Gelre, Holland, Utrecht and Zeeland (1585–1625)
      • Holland - Grand Pensionary - Anthonie Duyck (1621–1629)
  • Republic of Venice -
    1. Antonio Priuli, Doge of Venice (1618–1623)
    2. Francesco Contarini, Doge of Venice (1623–1624)
  • Principality of Wallachia -
    1. Radu Mihnea (1620–1623)
    2. Alexandru Coconul (1623–1627)

Read more about this topic:  List Of State Leaders In 1623

Famous quotes containing the word europe:

    “In Europe the object is to make the most of their land, labour being abundant: here it is to make the most of our labour, land being abundant.”
    —Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)

    “I thought ten thousand swords must have leaped from their scabbards to avenge even a look that threatened her with insult. But the age of chivalry is gone. That of sophisters, economists and calculators has succeeded; and the glory of Europe is extinguished forever.”
    —Edmund Burke (1729–1797)

    “The Federated Republic of Europe—the United States of Europe—that is what must be. National autonomy no longer suffices. Economic evolution demands the abolition of national frontiers. If Europe is to remain split into national groups, then Imperialism will recommence its work. Only a Federated Republic of Europe can give peace to the world.”
    —Leon Trotsky (1879–1940)