Europe
- Kingdom of Denmark and Norway - Frederick II (1559–1588)
- Duchy of Schleswig - Adolf (1544–1586) and Frederick II (1559–1588) in condominial rule
- Kingdom of England - Elizabeth I (1558–1603)
- Kingdom of France - Henry III (1574–1589)
- Holy Roman Empire - Rudolf II (1576–1612)
- Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen - Henry III (1567–1585)
- Duchy of Holstein - Adolf (1544–1586) and Frederick II (1559–1588) in condominial rule
- Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück - Henry II (1574–1585)
- Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn - Henry IV (1577–1585)
- Royal Hungary - Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (as Rudolf I) (1576–1608)
- Kingdom of Navarre - Henry III (1572–1610)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire - Murat III (1574–1595)
- Papal States - Pope Gregory XIII (1572–1585)
- Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth - Anna Jagiellon and Stefan Batory, co-monarchs (1574–1586)
- Grand Duchy of Moscow - Ivan IV the Terrible, Grand Prince of Moscow (1533–1547) then Tsar of Russia (1547–1584)
- Kingdom of Scotland - James VI (1567–1625)
- Kingdom of Spain and Kingdom of Portugal - Philip II (1556–1598)
- Kingdom of Sweden - John III (1568–1592)
- United Provinces
- Estates of Brabant, Flanders, Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
- François, Duke of Anjou, Sovereign of the Netherlands (not of Holland and Zeeland) (1582–1583)
- William the Silent, Prince of Orange, Leader of the resistance (1568–1584)
- Holland - Grand Pensionary Paulus Buys (1572–1584)
- Republic of Venice - Nicolò da Ponte, Doge of Venice (1578–1585)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1582
Famous quotes containing the word europe:
“riding flatcars to Fresno,
Across the whole country
Steep towns, flat towns, even New York,
And oceans and Europe & libraries & galleries
And the factories they make rubbers in”
—Gary Snyder (b. 1930)
“Of all the errors which can possibly be committed to the education of youth, that of sending them to Europe is the most fatal. I see [clearly] that no American should come to Europe under 30 years of age.”
—Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)
“All the terrors of the French Republic, which held Austria in awe, were unable to command her diplomacy. But Napoleon sent to Vienna M. de Narbonne, one of the old noblesse, with the morals, manners, and name of that interest, saying, that it was indispensable to send to the old aristocracy of Europe men of the same connection, which, in fact, constitutes a sort of free- masonry. M. de Narbonne, in less than a fortnight, penetrated all the secrets of the imperial cabinet.”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)