Middle East and North Africa
Including Anatolia and the Caucasus.
- Ottoman Empire - Murad I (1360–89)
- Abbasid Caliphate - Al-Musta'sim (1386–1389)
- Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia - Leo (or Leon) VI (1374–1393)
- Kingdom of Cyprus - James I (1382–1398)
- Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt - Barquq (1382–1389)
- Kingdom of Georgia - Bagrat V (1360–1393)
- Kara Koyunlu (Black Sheep Turkomans) - Qara Muhammad (1378/9-~1388) and Qara Yusuf (-1388–1399/1400)
- Aq Qoyunlu (White Sheep Turkomans) - Kara Yülük Osman (1378/9 to 1435/6)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1388
Famous quotes containing the words middle, east, north and/or africa:
“There’s no telling what might have happened to our defense budget if Saddam Hussein hadn’t invaded Kuwait that August and set everyone gearing up for World War II½. Can we count on Saddam Hussein to come along every year and resolve our defense-policy debates? Given the history of the Middle East, it’s possible.”
—P.J. (Patrick Jake)
“Richard. Give me a calendar.
Who saw the sun today?
Ratcliffe. Not I, my lord.
Richard. Then he disdains to shine, for by the book
He should have braved the east an hour ago.
A black day will it be to somebody.”
—William Shakespeare (1564–1616)
“Civilization must be destroyed. The hairy saints
Of the North have earned this crumb by their complaints.”
—Wallace Stevens (1879–1955)
“In Africa I had indeed found a sufficiently frightful kind of loneliness but the isolation of this American ant heap was even more shattering.”
—Louis-Ferdinand Céline (1894–1961)