Igneous
- Andesite - an Intermediate volcanic rock
- Anorthosite - an igneous ultramafic rock composed predominantly of plagioclase
- Aplite - a very fine grained intrusive igneous rock
- Basalt - a volcanic rock of mafic composition
- Adakite - a class of basaltic rocks containing low yttrium and ytterbium
- Hawaiite - a class of basalts formed from ocean island (hot spot) magmatism
- Basanite - a volcanic rock of mafic composition; essentially a silica undersaturated basalt
- Boninite - a high-magnesian basalt dominated by pyroxene
- Carbonatite - a rare igneous rock composed of >50% carbonate minerals
- Charnockite - a type of granite containing pyroxene
- Enderbite - a variety of charnockite
- Dacite - a felsic to intermediate volcanic rock with high iron content
- Diabase or dolerite - an intrusive mafic rock forming dykes or sills
- Diorite - a coarse grained intermediate plutonic rock composed of plagioclase, pyroxene and/or amphibole
- Dunite - an ultramafic cumulate rock composed of olivine and accessories
- Essexite - a silica undersaturated mafic plutonic rock (essentially a foid-bearing gabbro)
- Foidolite - a plutonic igneous rock composed of >90% feldspathoid minerals
- Gabbro - a coarse grained plutonic rock composed of pyroxene and plagioclase basically equivalent to basalt
- Granite - a coarse grained plutonic rock composed of orthoclase, plagioclase and quartz
- Granodiorite - a granitic plutonic rock with plagioclase > orthoclase
- Granophyre - a subvolcanic intrusive rock of granitic composition
- Harzburgite - a variety of peridotite; an ultramafic cumulate rock
- Hornblendite - a mafic or ultramafic cumulate rock dominated by >90% hornblende
- Hyaloclastite - a volcanic rock composed primarily of glasses and glassy tuff
- Icelandite - a volcanic rock
- Ignimbrite - a fragmental volcanic rock
- Ijolite - a very rare silica-undersaturated plutonic rock
- Kimberlite - a rare ultramafic, ultrapotassic volcanic rock and a source of diamonds
- Komatiite - an ancient ultramafic volcanic rock
- Lamproite - an ultrapotassic volcanic rock
- Lamprophyre - an ultramafic, ultrapotassic intrusive rock dominated by mafic phenocrysts in a feldspar groundmass
- Latite - a silica undersaturated form of andesite
- Lherzolite - an ultramafic rock, essentially a peridotite
- Monzogranite - a silica undersaturated granite with <5% normative quartz
- Monzonite - a plutonic rock with <5% normative quartz
- Nepheline syenite - a silica undersaturated plutonic rock with nepheline replacing orthoclase
- Nephelinite - a silica undersaturated plutonic rock with >90% nepheline
- Norite - a hypersthene bearing gabbro
- Obsidian - a type of volcanic glass
- Pegmatite - an igneous rock (or metamorphic rock) with giant sized crystals
- Peridotite - a plutonic or cumulate ultramafic rock composed of olivine and pyroxene
- Phonolite - a silica undersaturated volcanic rock; essentially similar to nepheline syenite
- Picrite - an olivine-bearing basalt
- Porphyry - a rock, usually granitic, with a porphyritic texture
- Pumice - a fine grained, extremely vesicular volcanic rock
- Pyroxenite - a coarse grained plutonic rock composed of >90% pyroxene
- Quartz diorite - a diorite with >5% modal quartz
- Quartz monzonite - an intermediate plutonic rock, essentially a monzonite with 5-10% modal quartz
- Rhyodacite - a felsic volcanic rock which is intermediate between a rhyolite and a dacite
- Rhyolite - a felsic volcanic rock
- Comendite - a peralkaline rhyolite
- Pantellerite - an alkaline rhyolite-rhyodacite with amphibole phenocrysts
- Scoria - an extremely vesicular mafic volcanic rock
- Sovite - a coarse grained carbonatite rock
- Syenite - a plutonic rock dominated by orthoclase feldspar; a type of granitoid
- Tachylyte - essentially a basaltic glass
- Tephrite - a silica undersaturated volcanic rock
- Tonalite - a plagioclase-dominant granitoid
- Trachyandesite - an alkaline intermediate volcanic rock
- Benmoreite - sodic trachyandesite
- Basaltic trachyandesite
- Mugearite - sodic basaltic trachyandesite
- Shoshonite - potassic basaltic trachyandesite
- Trachyte - a silica undersaturated volcanic rock; essentially a feldspathoid-bearing rhyolite
- Troctolite - a plutonic ultramafic rock containing olivine, pyroxene and plagioclase
- Trondhjemite - a form of tonalite where plagioclase-group feldspar is oligoclase
- Tuff - a fine grained volcanic rock formed from volcanic ash
- Websterite - a type of pyroxenite, composed of clinoproxene and orthopyroxene
- Wehrlite - an ultramafic plutonic or cumulate rock, a type of peridotite, composed of olivine and clinopyroxene
Read more about this topic: List Of Rock Types