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- Sage (Salvia officinalis), shown to improve cognitive function in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease
- Syrian Rue (aka Harmal) (Peganum harmala) - MAOI. Can be used as an anti-depressant, but carries significant risk. Used in traditional shamanistic rites in the amazon, and is a component of Ayahuasca, Caapi or Yajé (which is actually usually Banisteriopsis caapi but has the same active alkaloids.
- St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum), evaluated for use as an antidepressant, but with ambiguous results.
- Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) was used medicinally by the Seminole tribe
Read more about this topic: List Of Plants Used In Herbalism