List of Official Languages - Official Regional and Minority Languages

Official Regional and Minority Languages

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Abaza:

• Karachay–Cherkessia (state language; with Cherkess, Karachay, Nogai and Russian)

Adyghe:

• Adygea (state language; with Russian)

Aghul:

• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)

Albanian:

• Serbia (in Kosovo and several municipalities in Central-Serbia)
• Macedonia (in some municipalities)

Albanian:

• Montenegro (with Montenegrin, Serbian, Bosnian and Croatian)

Altay:

• Altay, Republic of (state language; with Russian)

Aranese see Occitan

Armenian:

• Nagorno Karabagh

Assamese:

• India (with Hindi, English {as a "subsidiary official language"} and 20 other official languages)
  • Assam

Avar:

• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)

Azeri:

• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)

Balkar:

• Kabardino-Balkaria (state language; with Kabardian and Russian)

Bashkir:

• Bashkortostan (state language; with Russian)

Basque:

• Basque Autonomous Community (with Spanish)
• Navarre (in some areas with Spanish)

Bengali:

• India (with Hindi, English {as a "subsidiary official language"} and 20 other official languages; second most spoken Indian Language)
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands
  • Assam
  • Tripura
  • West Bengal

Bosnian:

• part of Serbia
  • Sandžak region
• Montenegro (with Montenegrin, Albanian, Croatian and Serbian)

Buryat:

• Buryatia (state language; with Russian)
• Zabaykalsky Krai
  • Agin-Buryat Okrug (authorized language)

Cantonese Chinese:

• Hong Kong (for Chinese language, both Cantonese and Mandarin are spoken de facto; co-official with English)
• Macau (for Chinese language, both Cantonese and Mandarin are spoken de facto; co-official with Portuguese)

Catalan:

• parts of Spain
  • Balearic Islands (with Spanish)
  • Catalonia (with Spanish)
  • Valencia (named as Valencian, with Spanish)
• parts of France
  • Pyrénées Orientales
• parts of Italy
  • Alguero

Chechen:

• Chechnya (state language; with Russian)
• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)

Cherkess:

• Karachay–Cherkessia (state language; with Abaza, Karachay, Nogai and Russian)

Chipewyan:

• Northwest Territories (with Cree, English, French, Gwich'in, Innuinaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, South Slavey and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))

Chukchi:

• Sakha (local official language; in localities with Chukchi population)

Chuvash

• Chuvashia (state language; with Russian)

Cree:

• Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, English, French, Gwich'in, Innuinaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, South Slavey and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))

Crimean Tatar

• Crimea (with Russian and Ukrainian)

Croatian:

• part of Austria
  • Burgenland (with German and Hungarian)*part of Italy
  • Molise
• part of Serbia
  • Vojvodina (with Hungarian, Pannonian Rusyn, Romanian, Serbian and Slovak)
• Montenegro (with Montenegrin, Albanian, Bosnian and Serbian)

Dargwa:

• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)

Dolgan:

• Sakha (local official language; in localities with Dolgan population)

Dutch:

• The Nord-Pas-de-Calais (France) (Flemish Language with French, English for some part of the region)

English:

• parts of Canada:

See also: Official language by province and ]

• Alberta
• British Columbia
• Manitoba (with French)
• Newfoundland and Labrador
• Nova Scotia
• Ontario
• Prince Edward Island
• Saskatchewan
• New Brunswick (with French)
• Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, Cree, French, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, Slavey (North and South) and Tłįchǫ)
• Nunavut (with Inuktitut, Inuinnaqtun, and French)
• Yukon (with French)

• The United Kingdom:

• England
• Northern Ireland
• Scotland
• Wales
• Isle of Man (with Manx Gaelic)
• Guernsey (with French)
• Jersey (with French)

• parts of the United States. See English-only movement. English is an official language in the following states and territories:
  • Alabama
  • Alaska
  • Arkansas
  • California
  • Colorado
  • Florida
  • Georgia
  • Hawaii (with Hawaiian language)
  • Illinois
  • Indiana
  • Iowa
  • Kentucky
  • Massachusetts
  • Minnesota
  • Mississippi
  • Montana
  • Nebraska
  • New Hampshire
  • North Carolina
  • North Dakota
  • Puerto Rico (with Spanish)
  • South Carolina
  • South Dakota
  • Texas
  • Tennessee
  • U.S. Virgin Islands
  • Utah
  • Virginia
  • West Virginia
  • Wyoming

Erzya:

• Mordovia (state language; with Moksha and Russian)

Even:

• Sakha (local official language; in localities with Even population)

Evenki:

• Sakha (local official language; in localities with Evenki population)

Faroese:

• Faroe Islands (with Danish)

Finnish:

• Karelia (authorized language; with Karelian and Veps)

French:

• parts of Canada

• New Brunswick (co-official with English)
• Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, Cree, English, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, Slavey (North and South) and Tłįchǫ)
• Nunavut (with English, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut)
• Quebec
• Yukon (with English)

• Guernsey (with English)
• Jersey (with English)
• Pondicherry (co-official with Tamil in the Union Territory of Pondicherry. Also Telugu and Malayalam are its regional official languages)
• part of Italy
  • Aosta (co-official with Italian)
• part of USA with Louisiana

Frisian (West):

• The Netherlands: co-official in the province of Friesland (with Dutch)

Gagauz:

• Gagauzia (Moldova) (with Russian)

Galician:

• part of Spain
  • Galicia (with Spanish)

German:

• Italy
  • South Tyrol (together with Italian and Ladin)

Greek:

• parts of south Albania
• parts of south Italy
  • Salento (Grecia Salentina, together with Italian)
  • Calabria (Bovesia, together with Italian)

Guaraní:

• in Argentina
  • Corrientes Province (co-official with Spanish)

Gujarati:

• India (with 22 other regional languages)
  • Dadra and Nagar Haveli
  • Daman and Diu
  • Gujarat

Gwich'in:

• Northwest Territories (with Cree, Chipewyan, English, French, Innuinaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, South Slavey and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))

Hawaiian:

• Hawaii (with English)

Hungarian:

• part of Serbia
  • Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Romanian, Slovak and Ruthenian)
• part of Romania
• part of Slovenia
• part of Croatia
• part of Slovakia
• part of Austria

Ingush:

• Ingushetia (state language; with Russian)

Inuinnaqtun:

• Northwest Territories (with Cree, Chipewyan, English, French, Gwich'in, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, South Slavey and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))
• Nunavut (with English, French, and Inuktitut)

Inuktitut:

• Nunavut (with English, French, and Inuinnaqtun)
• Northwest Territories (with Cree, Chipewyan, English, French, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, South Slavey and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))

Inuvialuktun:

• Northwest Territories (with Cree, Chipewyan, English, French, Gwich'in, Innuinaqtun, Inuktitut, North Slavey, South Slavey and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))

Irish:

• Northern Ireland (United Kingdom) (along with Ulster Scots and English)

Italian:

• part of Croatia
  • Istria county (with Croatian)
• part of Slovenia
  • Izola, Koper and Piran municipalities (with Slovene)

Japanese:

• Part of Palau
  • Angaur (with English)

Kabardian

• Kabardino-Balkaria (state language; with Balkar and Russian)

Kalaallisut:

• Greenland

Kalmyk:

• Kalmykia (state language; with Russian)

Kannada:

• India (with 22 other regional languages)
  • Karnataka

Karachay:

• Karachay–Cherkessia (state language; with Abaza, Cherkess, Nogai and Russian)

Karelian:

• Karelia (authorized language; with Finnish and Veps)

Kashmiri:

• India (with 22 other regional languages)
  • Jammu and Kashmir

Kazakh:

• Republic of Altay (official language; in localities with Kazakh population)
• part of the People's Republic of China
  • Ili, with Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Barkol, with Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Mori, with Chinese (Mandarin)
• part of Mongolia
  • Mori, with Mongolian

Khakas:

• Khakassia (state language; with Russian)

Khanty:

• Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug (aboriginal language; with Mansi and Nenets)
• Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (aboriginal language; with Nenets and Selkup)

Komi:

• Komi (state language; with Russian)

Komi-Permyak:

• Perm Krai
  • Komi-Permyak Okrug (official language)

Korean:

• part of the People's Republic of China with Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Changbai (Jangbaek, Changbaek)
  • Yanbian (Yeonbyeon,Yŏnbyŏn)

Kumyk:

• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)

Kyrgyz:

• part of the People's Republic of China
• Kizilsu (with Chinese (Mandarin))

Lak:

• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)

Lezgian

• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)

Macedonian:*part of Albania

• part of Serbia

Malayalam:

• India (with 22 other regional languages)
  • Kerala
  • Pondicherry
  • Lakshadweep

Mansi:

• Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug (aboriginal language; with Khanty and Nenets)

Marathi:

• India (with 22 other regional languages)
  • Maharashtra
  • Goa
  • Dadra and Nagar Haveli
  • Daman and Diu

Mari (Hill and Meadow):

• Mari El (state language; with Russian)

Mayan:

• Mexico (*only recognized)
• Guatemala (*only recognized)
• Belize (*only recognized)
• Honduras (*only recognized)
• El Salvador (*only recognized)

Moksha:

• Mordovia (state language; with Erzya and Russian)

Mongolian:

• part of the People's Republic of China
  • Inner Mongolia, with Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Haixi, with Tibetan and Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Bortala, with Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Bayin'gholin, with Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Dorbod, with Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Qian Gorlos, with Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Harqin Left, with Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Fuxin, with Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Weichang, with Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Subei, with Chinese (Mandarin)
  • Henan, with Chinese (Mandarin)

Náhuatl:

• Mexico (*only recognized)
• El Salvador (*only recognized)

Nenets:

• Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug (aboriginal language; with Khanty and Mansi)
• Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (aboriginal language; with Khanty and Selkup)

Nepali:

• India (with 22 other regional languages)

Nogai:

• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
• Karachay–Cherkessia (state language; with Abaza, Cherkess, Karachay and Russian)

Occitan (Aranese):

• Aran Valley (with Catalan and Spanish)

Oriya:

• India (with 22 other regional languages)
  • Orissa

Ossetic (Digor and Iron dialects):

• North Ossetia—Alania (state language; with Russian)

Portuguese:*part of the People's Republic of China

• Macau (with Chinese)

Punjabi:

• Pakistan
• India (with 22 other regional languages)
  • Punjab
  • Delhi

Romanian:

• Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Hungarian, Slovak and Ruthenian)

Russian. Russian is fixed as a state language in the Constitutions of the republics of the Russian Federation:

• Adygea (state language; with Adyghe)
• Altay, Republic of (state language; with Altay)
• Bashkortostan (state language; with Bashkir)
• Buryatia (state language; with Buryat)
• Chechnya (state language; with Chechen)
• Chuvashia (state language; with Chuvash)
• Dagestan (state language; with the languages of the Dagestan peoples)
• Ingushetia (state language; with Ingush)
• Kabardino-Balkaria (state language; with Balkar and Kabardian)
• Kalmykia (state language; with Kalmyk)
• Karachay–Cherkessia (state language; with Abaza, Cherkess, Karachay and Nogai)
• Karelia (state language)
• Khakassia (state language; with Khakas)
• Komi (state language; with Komi)
• Mari El (state language; with Mari (Hill and Meadow))
• Mordovia (state language; with Erzya and Moksha)
• North Ossetia—Alania (state language; with Ossetic)
• Sakha (state language; with Sakha)
• Tatarstan (state language; with Tatar)
• Tyva (state language; with Tuvan)
• Udmurtia (state language; with Udmurt)
• Russian (with Gagauz) is an official language of Gagauzia (autonomous republic within Moldova)

Rusyn:

• Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Romanian, Hungarian, Slovak)
• Ukraine
  • Zakarapts'ka region (with Ukrainian, Hungarian)

Rutul:

• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)

Sakha:

• Sakha (state language; with Russian)

Sanskrit:

• India (with 22 other regional languages)

Sami:

• Finland (in four municipalities)
• Norway (in six municipalities in two provinces)
• Sweden (in four municipalities and surrounding municipalities)

Sarikoli:

• part of the People's Republic of China (It's different from Tajiki of Tajikistan)
  • Taxkorgan (with Chinese (Mandarin))

Scottish Gaelic:

• Scotland (United Kingdom) (with English and Scots)

Scots:

• Scotland (United Kingdom) (with English and Scottish Gaelic)
• Northern Ireland (United Kingdom)
• Donegal (Republic of Ireland)

Selkup:

• Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (aboriginal language; with Khanty and Nenets)

Sindhi:

• India (with 22 other regional languages)
• Pakistan (Official language in the Province of Sindh along with Urdu and English)

North and South Slavey:

• Northwest Territories (with Cree, Chipewyan, English, French, Gwich'in, Innuinaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))

Slovak:

• part of Serbia
• Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Hungarian, Romanian and Ruthenian)

Slovene:

• part of Italy
  • Friuli-Venezia Giulia (with Italian, Friulian and German)
• part of Austria
  • Carinthia (with German)

Spanish:

• Puerto Rico (with English)
• Philippines (mainly as Chavacano in Basilan and Zamboanga Peninsula)

Tabasaran:

• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)

Tahitian:

• French Polynesia (with French)

Tamil:

• India (with 22 other regional languages)
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands
  • Pondicherry
  • Tamil Nadu

Tat:

• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)

Tatar:

• Tatarstan (state language; with Russian)

Telugu:

• India (with 22 other regional languages)
  • Andhra Pradesh
  • Pondicherry

Tibetan:

• Tibet Autonomous Region (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Aba (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Garzê (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Diqing (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Wenshan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Gannan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Haibai (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Hainan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Huangnan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Golog (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Gyêgu (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Haixi (with Mongolian and Chinese (Mandarin))
• Muli (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Tianzhu (with Chinese (Mandarin))

Tłįchǫ:

• Northwest Territories (with Cree, Chipewyan, English, French, Gwich'in, Innuinaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, and South Slavey)

Tsakhur:

• Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)

Tswana:

• South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)

Turkish:

• Macedonia in Plasnica and Centar Župa
• Kosovo in Prizren and Mamuša
• part of Bulgaria

Tuvan:

• Tyva (state language; with Russian)

Udmurt:

• Udmurtia (state language; with Russian)

Urdu:

• India (with 22 other regional languages)
  • Jammu and Kashmir
  • Delhi Territory
  • Uttar Pradesh state
  • Bihar state
  • Andhra Pradesh mainly in Hyderabad (former princely state of Nizam) and adjacent areas of Maharashtra and Karnataka

Uyghur:

• Xinjiang (with Chinese (Mandarin))

Veps:

• Karelia (authorized language; with Finnish and Karelian)

Vietnamese:

• Guangxi Province, China (some regional status)
• Part of Cambodia
• Part of Laos

Welsh:

• Wales (United Kingdom) (with English)

Yiddish:

• Russia (only in Jewish Autonomous Oblast, with Russian)

Yukaghir:

• Sakha (local official language; in localities with Yukaghir population)

Zhuang:

• Guangxi (with Chinese (Mandarin))
• Lianshan (with Chinese (Mandarin))