List Of Monarchs Of Brazil
The Monarchs of Brazil were the rulers of Brazil, first as a Kingdom united with Portugal in the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (1815-1822), and subsequenly as a sovereign and independent State, the Empire of Brazil (1822-1889).
Before 1815, Brazil was a colony of the Kingdom of Portugal. Thus, from the formal arrival of the Portuguese in 1500, when the land was claimed by the Portuguese Crown, until 1815 when the Kingdom of Brazil was created and the colonial bond was formally terminated and replaced by a political union with Portugal, the Kings of Portugal were Monarchs over Brazil.
During the colonial era, from 1645 onwards, the heir apparent of the Portuguese Crown was styled Prince of Brazil. In 1817, in the wake of the creation of the United Kingdom of Portugal Brazil and the Algarves, the heir apparent's title was changed to Prince Royal.
Brazil had two monarchs during the United Kingdom epoch: Queen Maria I (1815-1816) and King John VI (1816-1822). By the time of the creation of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves, Queen Maria I was long incapacitated, and the Portuguese Empire was ruled by Prince John, the future King John VI, as Prince Regent.
As an independent Nation, Brazil had two monarchs: Emperors Pedro I (1822-1831) and Pedro II (1831-1889). In 1889, the monarchy was abolished in a military coup d'état that proclaimed Brazil a Republic.
During the imperial era, King John VI of Portugal briefly held the honorific style of Titular Emperor of Brazil under the 1825 Treaty of Rio de Janeiro, by which Portugal recognized the independence of Brazil. The style of Titular Emperor was a life title, and became extinct upon the holder's demise. Jonh VI held the imperial title for a few months only, from the ratification of the Treaty in November 1825 until his death in March 1826. During those months, however, as John's imperial title was purely honorific, Emperor Pedro I remained the sole Head of State and Government of the Empire.
Read more about List Of Monarchs Of Brazil: United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and The Algarves (1815–1822), Empire of Brazil (1822–1889)
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