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- Marcus Pacuvius - dramatist
- Lucius Caesennius Paetus - consul
- Quintus Remmius Palaemon - ex-slave writer
- Palfurius Sura - orator
- Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus Palladius - farmer
- Aulus Cornelius Palma Frontonianus - consul
- Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus - consul
- Aemilius Papinianus - jurist
- Papirianus - grammarian
- Lucius Papirius Cursor - two; heroic consul and son
- Gaius Papius Mutilus - Samnite leader
- Passienus - orator
- Aemilius Lepidus Paullus - consul
- Lucius Aemilius Paullus - three consuls
- Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus - consul
- Julius Paulus - jurist
- Paulus Alexandrinus - astrologer
- Quintus Pedius - consul
- Sextus Pedius - jurist
- Marcus Perperna - two consuls
- Marcus Perperna Veiento - praetor
- Aulus Persius Flaccus - satirist
- Publius Helvetius Pertinax - emperor
- Gaius Pescennius Niger Justus - emperor
- Quintus Petillius - two cousins
- Marcus Petreius - governor
- Petronius - courtier of Nero
- Publius Petronius - suffect consul
- Petronius Arbiter - writer
- Publius Petronius Turpilianus - consul
- Julius Verus Philippus (Philip the Arab) - emperor
- Lucius Marcius Philippus - consul, husband of Atia
- Quintus Marcius Philippus - consul
- Calpurnius Piso - writer
- Gaius Calpurnius Piso - two consuls
- Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso - three; two consuls and a governor
- Lucius Calpurnius Piso - three consuls
- Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus - consul
- Lucius Calpurnius Piso Licinianus - briefly emperor
- Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi - consul
- Marcus Pupius Piso Frugi - consul
- Galla Placidia - daughter of Theodosius I
- Placidus - grammarian
- Lactantius Placidus - different grammarian
- Munatia Plancina - friend of Livia
- Gnaeus Plancius - aedile
- Lucius Munatius Plancus - consul
- Titus Munatius Plancus Bursa - tribune
- Pompeius Planta - prefect
- Aulus Platorius Nepos - consul
- Plautia Urgulanilla - Claudius' first wife
- Gaius Fulvius Plautianus - consul
- Plautius - jurist
- Aulus Plautius - consul
- Publius Plautius Hypsaeus - praetor, quaestor, and aedile
- Plautius Lateranus - senator
- Marcus Plautius Silvanus - two; tribune and consul
- Tiberius Plautius Silvanus Aelianus - consul
- Titus Maccius Plautus - dramatist
- Quintus Pleminius - legate
- Gaius Plinius Secundus (Pliny the Elder) - scholar
- Gaius Plinius Caecilus Secundus (Pliny the Younger) - scholar
- Pompeia Plotina - wife of Trajan
- Plotinus - philosopher
- Plotius Tucca - friend of Virgil
- Mestrius Plutarchus (Plutarch) - philosopher, biographer
- Gaius Poetelius Libo Visolus - consul
- Gaius Asinius Pollio - consul, scholar
- Julius Pollux - scholar
- Polybius - two; historian and freedman
- Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus - consul of Marcus Aurelius
- Pompeius - grammarian
- Gnaeus Pompeius - son of Pompey
- Quintus Pompeius - consul
- Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey) - triumvir
- Sextus Pompeius Magnus Pius - son of Pompey
- Quintus Pompeius Rufus - consul
- Pompeius Saturninus - orator, historian, poet
- Pompeius Silo - rhetor
- Pompeius Strabo - consul
- Pompilius - second king
- Lucius Pomponius - poet
- Sextus Pomponius - jurist
- Marcus Pomponius Bassulus - writer
- Titus Pomponius Proculus Vitrasius Pollio - consul
- Pomponius Rufus - writer
- Pomponius Secundus - consul
- Gavius Pontius - Samnite general
- Pontius Telesinus - praetor
- Pontius Pilatus - prefect of Judaea
- Gaius Popillius Laenas - consul
- Publius Popillius Laenas - consul
- Poppaea Sabina - wife of Nero
- Quintus Poppaedius Silo - friend of Drusus
- Porcia - daughter of Cato
- Porcius Licinus - writer
- Marcus Porcius Latro - rhetor
- Pomponius Porphyrion - scholar
- Porsenna - semi-legendary king
- Aulus Postumius Albinus - consul, historian
- Spurius Postumius Albinus - consul
- Lucius Postumius Megellus - consul
- Aulus Postumius Rubertus - dictator
- Marcus Cassianus Postumus - emperor
- Potillius Cerealis - general
- Marcus Antonius Primus - general
- Priscianus - grammarian
- Priscus - politician, historian
- Marcus Aurelius Probus - emperor
- Valerius Probus - scholar
- Saint Procula - wife of Pontius Pilate
- Proculus - jurist
- Sextus Propertius - writer
- Aurelius Clemens Prudentius - Christian poet
- Quintus Publilius Philo - consul
- Publilius Syrus - writer
- Publilius Volero - early tribune
- Publius Pupius - tragedian
Read more about this topic: List Of Ancient Romans