Detailed Interaction of Charges in These Currents
In electromagnetism, when charges change positions along electric field lines, work is done on them, whether it involves storing potential energy (negative work) or increasing kinetic energy (positive work).
When net positive work is applied to a charge, it gains momentum. The net work on thereby generates a magnetic field whose strength (in units of magnetic flux density (1 Tesla = 1 volt-second per square meter)) is proportional to the speed increase of . This magnetic field can interact with a neighboring charge, passing on this momentum to it, and in return, loses momentum.
can also act on in a similar manner, by which it returns some of the emf that it received from . This back-and-forth component of emf contributes to magnetic inductance. The closer that and are, the greater the effect. When is inside a conductive medium such as a thick slab made of copper or aluminum, it more readily reacts to the emf sent to it by . The energy of is not "instantly" consumed only as heat generated by the current of but is also stored in two opposing magnetic fields. The energy density of magnetic fields tends to vary by the square of the magnetic field's intensity; however, in the case of magnetically non-linear materials such as ferromagnets and superconductors, this relationship breaks down.
Read more about this topic: Lenz's Law
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