Kupka is a surname, and may refer to:
- Augustin Kupka (1844 - 1897), Austrian jurist, politician
- Engelbert Kupka (born 1939, Rosenberg/Olesno, Upper Silesia), Silesia-born Bavarian politician of the CSU (de)
- František Kupka (1871 - 1957), Czech painter and graphic artist
- Gregory "Greg" Mykal Kupka (born 1982, Los Angeles), an American electric violinist
- Josef Kupka (1862, Černá Hora - 1941, Nová Říše), a Czech Bishop of Brno (de)
- Peter Friedrich Kupka (1846 - 1924), Austrian railway historian
- Stephen "Doc" Kupka (born c. 1946, Berkeley, California), an American baritone saxophone player and composer
- Theofil Kupka (1885 - 1920, Beuthen/Bytom), Silesian politician (de)
- Zdeněk Kupka (1924, Martinov - 1994, Ostrava) (cs)
- 5363 Kupka 5363 Kupka (1979 UQ), a Main-belt Asteroid discovered on 1979