Komi-Zyrian Language - Writing System

Writing System

The first writing system, the Old Permic script, was invented in the 14th century by the missionary Stepan Khrap, apparently of a Komi mother in Veliky Ustyug. The alphabet shows some similarity to medieval Greek and Cyrillic. In the 16th century this alphabet was replaced by the Russian alphabet with certain modifications for affricates. In the 1920s, the language was written in Molodtsov alphabet, also derived from Cyrillic. In the 1930s it was switched to Latin. Since the 1940s it uses the Russian alphabet plus the additional letters І, і and Ӧ, ӧ.

Komi alphabet (Коми анбур)

Uppercase Lowercase Transliteration IPA Letter name
A a a а
Б б b бэ
В в v вэ
Г г g гэ
Д д d ; as palatal, дэ
Е е e ;, after C except е
Ё ё ë ; : after ё
Ж ж ž жэ
З з z ; as palatal зэ
И и i , небыд и "soft i"
І і ï after чорыд и "hard i"
Й й j и краткöй
К к k ка
Л л l ; as palatal эл
М м m эм
Н н n ; as palatal эн
О о o o
Ӧ ӧ ö ӧ
П п p пэ
Р р r эр
С с s ; as palatal эс
Т т t ; as palatal тэ
У у u у
Ф ф f эф
Х х x ха
Ц ц c цэ
Ч ч č чэ
Ш ш š ша
Щ щ šč , ща
Ъ ъ - чорыд знак "hard sign"
Ы ы y ы
Ь ь ' небыд знак "soft sign"
Э э è э
Ю ю ju ;, after ю
Я я ja ;, after я

Letters particular to the Molodtsov alphabet include ԁ, ԃ, ԅ, ԇ, ԉ, ԋ, ԍ, ԏ, most of which represent palatalized consonants.

The Molodtsov alphabet
А а Б б В в Г г Ԁ ԁ Ԃ ԃ Д д Е е Ж ж Ԅ ԅ Ԇ ԇ
И и Ј ј К к Л л Ԉ ԉ М м Н н Ԋ ԋ О о П п Р р
С с Ԍ ԍ Т т Ԏ ԏ У у Ф ф Х х Ч ч Ш ш Щ щ Ы ы

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