Kleene Star - Examples

Examples

Example of Kleene star applied to set of strings:

{"ab", "c"}* = {λ, "ab", "c", "abab", "abc", "cab", "cc", "ababab", "ababc", "abcab", "abcc", "cabab", "cabc", "ccab", "ccc", ...}.

Example of Kleene star applied to set of characters:

{'a', 'b', 'c'}* = {λ, "a", "b", "c", "aa", "ab", "ac", "ba", "bb", "bc", "ca", "cb", "cc", ...}.

Example of Kleene star applied to the empty set:

Example of Kleene plus applied to the empty set:

where concatenation is written as an associative and noncommutative product, sharing these properties with the Cartesian product of sets.

Note that for every set L, equals the concatenation of L with . In contrast, can be written as . The operators and describe the same set if and only if the set L under consideration contains the empty word.

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