The Kingdom of Pajang (1568–1586) was a short-lived Muslim state in Java. It was established by Hadiwijaya or Jaka Tingkir, Lord of Boyolali, after ending civil war in and as successor to Sultanate of Demak. Hadiwijaya claimed to be a descendant of Brawijaya V, the last king of Majapahit, and Trenggana, the Sunan of Demak.
In the last battle against the last claimant of Demak, the vicious Arya Penangsang, Jaka Tingkir commissioned his greatest vassal: Ki Ageng Pamanahan and his son, Sutawijaya to destroy Arya Penangsang's army. The two managed to defeat and kill Arya Penangsang and were thus awarded a fief in a forest called Alas Mentaok, now Kotagede, on which they founded their base for the future capital of Mataram Kingdom. (1)
Legend said that the King Hadiwijaya was very fond of Sutawijaya that he adopted Sutawijaya as the play-mate of his heir, Prince Banawa. Hadiwijaya's rule was supposed to be succeeded by this weak-minded heir, but a rebellion by a vassal named Ario Pangiri forced the heir of King to seek asylum to his childhood friend, Sutawijaya.
Pledged to help, Sutawijaya gathered his army and defeated Ario Pangiri and seized the Pajang Palace. The Prince Banawa then submitted his crown to Sutawijaya and thus ended the history of Kingdom of Pajang in 1586, when Sutawijaya founded the greatest Islamic kingdom in Java: Mataram Sultanate.
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