Origin and Spread
Karnal bunt was named after Karnal, the district in the Indian state of Haryana where it was first reported in 1931. It was soon discovered in other nearby wheat-producing regions, including Iraq, Nepal, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. It was introduced to Mexico in the 1960s, and it was first discovered in the United States in 1996 in Arizona. Since then, it has also been found in California, New Mexico, and Texas. Quarantines, some of them controversial, were imposed there. A few of them have since been lifted, but the USDA continues to monitor the disease in the United States.
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