Johann Conrad Peyer (December 26, 1653 – February 29, 1712) was a Swiss anatomist who was a native of Schaffhausen. He studied medicine in Paris under Guichard Joseph Duverney (1648–1730), in Montpellier under Raymond Vieussens (1635–1713) and received his medical degree in 1681 at Basel. Later he returned to Schaffhausen to practice medicine. At Schaffhausen he performed research with Johann Jakob Wepfer (1620–1695), and Wepfer's son-in-law Johann Conrad Brunner (1653–1727).
in 1677 Peyer published Exercitatio anatomico-medica de glandulis intestinorum earumque usu et affectionibus, in which he describes the eponymous Peyer's patches. These anatomical structures are aggregated lymphatic nodules found in the lining of the small intestine. He was also the author of an important work on veterinary medicine titled Merycologia sive de Ruminantibus et Ruminatione Commentariae.
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“The camera is a killing chamber, which speeds up the time it claims to be conserving. Like coffins exhumed and prised open, the photographs put on show what we were and what we will be again.”
—Peter Conrad (b. 1948)