Generation
The most common language targeting Java Virtual Machine by producing Java bytecode is Java. Originally only one compiler existed, the javac compiler from Sun Microsystems, which compiles Java source code to Java bytecode; but because all the specifications for Java bytecode are now available, other parties have supplied compilers that produce Java bytecode. Examples of other compilers include:
- Jikes, compiles from Java to Java bytecode (developed by IBM, implemented in C++)
- Espresso, compiles from Java to Java bytecode (Java 1.0 only)
- GCJ, the GNU Compiler for Java, compiles from Java to Java bytecode; it is also able to compile to native machine code and is available as part of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC).
Some projects provide Java assemblers to enable writing Java bytecode by hand. Assembly code may be also generated by machine, for example by compiler targeting Java virtual machine. Notable Java assemblers include:
- Jasmin, takes textual descriptions for Java classes, written in a simple assembly-like syntax using Java Virtual Machine instruction set and generates a Java class file
- Jamaica, a macro assembly language for the Java virtual machine. Java syntax is used for class or interface definition. Method bodies are specified using bytecode instructions.
Others have developed compilers, for different programming languages, in order to target the Java virtual machine, such as:
- JRuby and Jython, two scripting languages based on Ruby and Python
- Groovy, a scripting language based on Java
- Scala, a type-safe general-purpose programming language supporting object-oriented and functional programming
- JGNAT and AppletMagic, compile from the Ada programming language to Java bytecode
- C to Java byte-code compilers
- Clojure
- MIDletPascal
- JavaFX Script code is also compiled to Java bytecode.
Read more about this topic: Java Bytecode
Famous quotes containing the word generation:
“Today’s comedian has a cross to bear that he built himself. A comedian of the older generation did an “act” and he told the audience, “This is my act.” Today’s comic is not doing an act. The audience assumes he’s telling the truth. What is truth today may be a damn lie next week.”
—Lenny Bruce (1925–1966)
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—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)
“We need to encourage members of this next generation to become all that they can become, not try to force them to become what we want them to become. . . . You and I can’t even begin to dream the dreams this next generation is going to dream, or answer the questions that will be put to them.”
—Barbara Coloroso (20th century)