Background
Akitsushima was the sole cruiser for the Imperial Japanese Navy planned under the 1889 fiscal year budget. Originally intended as a domestically-built fourth vessel in the Matsushima-class of cruisers under the Jeune École philosophy promoted by French military advisor and naval architect Louis-Émile Bertin, opposition by the pro-British faction within the navy, and growing concerns on the effectiveness and operational utility of the Matsushima-class, led to a new design with multiple guns rather than a single, huge Canet gun. Bertin was outraged by the new design and threatened to return to France.
Read more about this topic: Japanese Cruiser Akitsushima
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