Background
Vehicles featuring Jacobs bogies include the Alsthom made TGV and Eurostar trains, the Spanish Talgo series since 1955, the Bombardier Talent series of multiple units, the LINT41, the Class 423 S-Bahn vehicles, the Canadian CN Turbo-Trains, several FLIRT trains, and the Škoda ForCity tram. A disadvantage of vehicles using Jacobs bogies is they are semi-permanently coupled and can only be separated in the workshop.
In the United States, such configurations have been used throughout the twentieth century with some success on early streamlined passenger trainsets, such as the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad's Pioneer Zephyr, various Southern Pacific, Daylight articulated cars, and Union Pacific Railroad's M-10000. Dallas Area Rapid Transit rail trains originally used a center bogie in a two unit car but are being modified to add a lower center section for handicapped level entry making a 3 unit car with two Jacobs bogies.
In Australia, Jacobs bogies were first used on the B class Melbourne tram in 1987 on two former suburban railways converted to light rail operation.
Intermodal freight trains, such as Pacer Stacktrains, use container well cars in groups of three to five cars, connected as a unit with standard North American trucks between the individual well cars.
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