Miscellaneous Signs and Symbols
| Sign | Example | Meaning and verbal equivalent | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| ≝ |
a ≝ b | a is by definition equal to b | := is also used |
| = | a = b | a equals b | ≡ may be used to emphasize that a particular equality is an identity. |
| ≠ | a ≠ b | a is not equal to b | may be used to emphasize that a is not identically equal to b. |
| ≙ | a ≙ b | a corresponds to b | On a 1:106 map: 1 cm ≙ 10 km. |
| ≈ | a ≈ b | a is approximately equal to b | The symbol ≃ is reserved for "is asymptotically equal to". |
| ∼ ∝ |
a ∼ b a ∝ b |
a is proportional to b | |
| < | a < b | a is less than b | |
| > | a > b | a is greater than b | |
| ≤ | a ≤ b | a is less than or equal to b | The symbol ≦ is also used. |
| ≥ | a ≥ b | a is greater than or equal to b | The symbol ≧ is also used. |
| ≪ | a ≪ b | a is much less than b | |
| ≫ | a ≫ b | a is much greater than b | |
| ∞ | infinity | ||
{} |
(a+b)c c {a+b}c a+bc |
ac+bc, parentheses ac+bc, square brackets ac+bc, braces ac+bc, angle brackets |
In ordinary algebra, the sequence of, {}, in order of nesting is not standardized. Special uses are made of, {}, in particular fields. |
| ∥ | AB ∥ CD | the line AB is parallel to the line CD | |
| ABCD | the line AB is perpendicular to the line CD |
Read more about this topic: ISO 31-11
Famous quotes containing the words signs and/or symbols:
“Murderous desire, hatred, distrust are nowadays the accompanying signs of physical illness: so thoroughly have we embodied our moral prejudices.—Perhaps cowardice and pity appear as symptoms of illness in savage ages. Perhaps even virtues might be symptoms.”
—Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900)
“Eloquence must be grounded on the plainest narrative. Afterwards, it may warm itself until it exhales symbols of every kind and color, speaks only through the most poetic forms; but first and last, it must still be at bottom a biblical statement of fact.”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)