Irish Confederate Wars

The Irish Confederate Wars, also called the Eleven Years' War (derived from the Irish language name Cogadh na hAon-déag mBliana), took place in Ireland between 1641 and 1653. It was the Irish theatre of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms – a series of civil wars in the kingdoms of Ireland, England and Scotland (all ruled by Charles I). The conflict in Ireland essentially pitted the native Irish Catholics against English and Scottish Protestant colonists and their supporters. It was both a religious and ethnic conflict – fought over who would govern Ireland, whether it would be governed from England, which ethnic and religious group would own most of the land and which religion would predominate in the country.

Read more about Irish Confederate Wars:  Overview, The Plot – October 1641, The Rebellion – 1641–42, The Confederates' War – 1642–48, The Cromwellian War 1649–1653, The Cost, Appendix: Shifting Allegiances

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    “The next forenoon we went to Oldtown.... The Indian is said to cultivate the vices rather than the virtues of the white man. Yet this village was cleaner than I expected, far cleaner than such Irish villages as I have seen.”
    —Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)

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    —John Lee Mahin (1902–1984)

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    —J.M. (John Millington)