Common Etchants
- For aluminium
- sodium hydroxide
- Keller's reagent
- For steels
- hydrochloric and nitric acids
- ferric chloride for stainless steels
- Nital (a mixture of nitric acid and ethanol, methanol, or methylated spirits for mild steels.
2% Nital is common etchant for plain carbon steels.
- For copper
- cupric chloride
- ferric chloride
- ammonium persulfate
- ammonia
- 25-50% nitric acid.
- hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide
- For silica
- hydrofluoric acid (HF) is a very efficient etchant for silicon dioxide. It is however very dangerous if it comes into contact with the body.
Read more about this topic: Industrial Etching
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