Indian Massacre - List of Massacres

1830–1911

Year	Date	Name	Description	Citations
1832	May 20	Indian Creek Massacre	A party of Potawatomi, with a few Sauk allies, killed fifteen men, women and children and kidnapped two young women, who were later ransomed.
1832	August 1	Battle of Bad Axe	Soldiers under General Henry Atkinson and armed volunteers killed around 150 Indian men, women and children near present-day Victory, Wisconsin.
1833		Cutthroat Gap Massacre	Osage tribe attacked a Kiowa camp west of the Wichita Mountains in southwest Oklahoma where one hundred and fifty Kiowa tribal inhabitants were brutally slaughtered in the Osage attack.
1835	December 28	Dade Massacre	During the Second Seminole War, Seminole killed almost all of a command of 110 American soldiers in Central Florida. All but two of the soldiers were killed; and one survivor died a few months later from his wounds.	Axelrod, Alan, Chronicle of the Indian Wars, p. 146
1836	May 19	Fort Parker Massacre	Comanche killed seven European Americans in Limestone County, Texas.
1838	October 5	Killough Massacre	Indians massacred eighteen members and relatives of the Killough family in Texas.
1838 or 1839	Exact date unknown	Webster Massacre	Comanche killed a party of settlers attempting to ford the Bushy Creek near present day Leander, Texas. All of the Anglo men were killed and Mrs. Webster and her two children were captured.
1840	March 19	Council House Massacre (Council House Fight)	The 12 leaders of a Comanche delegation (65 people including 35 women and children) were shot in San Antonio, Texas, while trying to escape the local jail. 23 others (including 5 women and children) were killed in or around the city.
	August 7	Indian Key Massacre	During the Seminole Wars, Florida Seminole attacked and destroyed an Indian Key settlement, killing 13 inhabitants, including noted horticulturist Dr. Henry Perrine.	Knetsch, Joe. Florida's Seminole Wars 1817–1858, p. 128
	October 24	Colorado River	Volunteer Rangers under Colonel Moore massacred 140 Comanches (men, women and children) in their village on the Colorado and captured 35 others (mostly small children).
1840		Clear Lake Massacre	A posse led by Mexican Salvador Vallejo massacred 150 Pomo and Wappo Indians on Clear Lake, California.
1847	November 29	Whitman massacre	Cayuse and Umatilla killed the missionaries Dr. Marcus Whitman, Mrs. Narcissa Whitman and twelve others at Walla Walla, Washington, triggering the Cayuse War.
1848	April	Brazos River	A hunting party of 26 friendly Wichita and Caddo Indians was massacred by Texas Rangers under Captain Samuel Highsmithe, in a valley south of Brazos River. 25 men and boys were killed, only one child managed to escape.
1850	May 15	Bloody Island Massacre	Nathaniel Lyon and his U. S. Army detachment killed 60–100 Pomo people on Bo-no-po-ti island near Clear Lake, (Lake Co., California); they believed the Pomo had killed two Clear Lake settlers who had been abusing and murdering Pomo people. (The Island Pomo had no connections to the enslaved Pomo). This incident led to a general outbreak of settler attacks against and mass killing of native people all over Northern California.	Letter, Brevet Capt. N. Lyon to Major E.R.S. Canby, May 22, 1850.
1851		Old Shasta Town	Miners killed 300 Wintu Indians near Old Shasta, California and burned down their tribal council meeting house.
1852		Hynes Bay Massacre	Texas militiamen attacked a village of 50 Karankawas, killing 45 of them.
1852	April 23	Bridge Gulch Massacre	70 American men led by Trinity County sheriff William H. Dixon killed more than 150 Wintu people in the Hayfork Valley of California, in retaliation for the killing of Col. John Anderson.	Norton, Jack. Genocide in Northern California
1853		Yontoket Massacre	A posse of settlers attacked and burnt a Tolowa rancheria at Yontocket, California. Several hundred Indians were massacred.
1853		Achulet Massacre	White settlers launched an attack on a Tolowa village near Lake Earl in California, killing between 65 and 150 Indians.
1853	Before December 31	"Ox" incident	US forces attacked and killed an unreported number of Indians in the Four Creeks area (Tulare Co., California) in what was referred to by officers as "our little difficulty" and "the chastisement they have received".	Letter, Bvt. 2nd Lieut. John Nugens to Lieut T. Wright, December 31, 1853.
1854
	August 19	Grattan Massacre	After a detachment of 30 U.S. soldiers in the Nebraska Territory opened fire on an encampment of 4,000 Brulé Sioux, killing Chief Conquering Bear, warriors attacked and killed all the soldiers and their civilian interpreter.
	August 20	Ward Massacre	Shoshone killed 18 of the 20 members of the Alexander Ward party, attacking them on the Oregon Trail in western Idaho. This event led the US eventually to abandon Fort Boise and Fort Hall, in favor of the use of military escorts for emigrant wagon trains.
1855	January 22	Klamath River massacres	In retaliation for the murder of six settlers and the theft of some cattle, whites commenced a "war of extermination against the Indians" in Humboldt Co., California.	Crescent City Herald, quoted in Sacramento newspaper.
1855	October 8	Lupton Massacre	A group of settlers and miners launched a night attack on an Indian village near Upper Table Rock, Oregon, killing 23 Indians (mostly elderly men, women and children).
1859	September	Pit River	White settlers massacred 70 Achomawi Indians (10 men and 60 women and children) in their village on Pit River in California.
1859		Chico Creek	White settlers attacked a Maidu camp near Chico Creek in California, killing indiscriminately 40 Indians.
1860	February 26	1860 Wiyot Massacre (Indian Island Massacre)	During one of three simultaneous assaults on the Wiyot, white settlers killed about 188 Wiyot, mostly women and children, in Humboldt County, California.
1860	December 18	Pease River Massacre	Texas Rangers under Captain Sul Ross attacked a Comanche village in Foard County, Texas, killing indiscriminately a considerable number of Indians.
1861		Horse Canyon Massacre	White settlers and Indian allies attacked a Wailaki village in Horse Canyon (Round Valley, California), killing up to 240 Wailakis.
1861		Cookes Canyon Massacres	Apaches massacred hundreds of Americans and Mexicans in and around Cookes Canyon, New Mexico over the course of several months.
1862		Upper Station Massacre	Californian settlers killed at least 20 Wailakis in Round Valley, California.
1862	August–September	Dakota War of 1862	As part of the U.S.-Dakota War, the Dakota killed as many as 800 white settlers and soldiers throughout Minnesota. Some 40,000 white settlers fled their homes on the frontier.
1862	October 24	Tonkawa Massacre	During the American Civil War, a detachment of irregular Union Indians, mainly Kickapoo, Delaware and Shawnee, accompanied by Caddo allies, attempted to destroy the Tonkawa tribe in Indian Territory. They killed 240 of 390 Tonkawa, leaving only 150 survivors.
1863	January 29	Bear River Massacre	Col. Patrick Connor led a regiment killing 280 Indian men, women and children near Preston, Idaho.
1863	April 19	Keyesville Massacre	American militia and members of the California cavalry killed 35 Tehachapi men in Kern County, California.
1864		Massacre at Bloody Tanks	A group of white settlers led by King S. Woolsey killed 19 Apaches at a "peace parley".
1864		Skull Valley Massacre	A group of Yavapai families was lured into a trap and massacred by soldiers under Lt. Monteith in a valley west of Prescott, Arizona (Arizona). The place was named Skull Valley after the heads of the dead Indians left unburied.
1864	November 29	Sand Creek Massacre	Members of the Colorado Militia attacked a peaceful village of Cheyenne, killing at least 160 men, women and children at Sand Creek, Colorado.
1865	March 14	Mud Lake Massacre	US troops under Captain Wells attacked a Paiute camp near Winnemucca Lake, killing 32 Indians. One soldier was slightly wounded during the attack.
1865		Owens Lake Massacre	A posse of viligante attacked a Paiute camp on Owens Lake in California, killing about 40 men, women and children.
1866		Three Knolls Massacre	White settlers massacrred a Yana community at Three Knolls on the Mill Creek, California.
1866	April 21	Circleville Massacre	Mormon militiamen killed 16 Paiute men and women at Circleville, Utah. 6 men were shot, allegedly while trying to escape. The others (3 men and 7 women) had their throats cut. 4 small children were spared.
1867		Aquarius Mountains	Yavapai County Rangers killed 23 Indians (men, women and children) in the southern Aquarius Mountains, Arizona.
1867	July 2	Kidder Massacre	Cheyenne and Sioux ambushed and killed a 2nd US Cavalry detachment of eleven men and their Indian guide near Beaver Creek in Sherman County, Kansas .
1868		Campo Seco	A posse of white settlers massacred 33 Yahis in a cave north of Mill Creek, California.
1868	November 27	Washita Massacre (Battle of Washita River)	During the American Indian Wars, Lt. Col. G.A.Custer's 7th cavalry attacked a village of sleeping Cheyenne led by Black Kettle. Custer reported 103 – later revised to 140 – warriors, "some" women and "few" children killed, and 53 women and children taken hostage. Other casualty estimates by cavalry members, scouts and Indians vary widely, with the number of men killed ranging as low as 11 and the numbers of women and children ranging as high as 75. Before returning to their base, the cavalry killed several hundred Indian ponies and burned the village.
1870	January 23	Marias Massacre	White Americans killed 173 Piegan, mainly women, children and the elderly.
1871		Kingsley Cave Massacre	4 settlers killed 30 Yahi Indians in Tehama Co., California.
1871	April 30	Camp Grant Massacre	Led by the ex-Mayor of Tucson, William Oury, eight Americans, 48 Mexicans and more than 100 allied Pima attacked Apache men, women and children at Camp Grant, killing more than 100.	Terrell, J., Land Grab, pp. 4–10.
1871	November 5	Wickenburg massacre	Indians attacked an Arizona stagecoach, killing the driver and his five passengers.
1872	Between August and October	Jordan Massacre	3 settlers killed, 1 woman abducted, apparently by Indians at Middle Fork of Walnut Creek, Kansas
1872	December 28	Skeleton Cave Massacre	US troops and Indian scouts killed 76 Yavapai Indians men, women and children in a remote cave in Arizona's Salt River Canyon.
1873	June 1	Cypress Hills Massacre	Following a dispute over stolen horses, American wolfers killed approximately 20 Nakoda in Saskatchewan.
1879	January 9–21	Fort Robinson Massacre	Northern Cheyenne under Dull Knife attempted to escape from confinement in Fort Robinson, Nebraska; the US Army forces hunted them down, killing 77 of them. The remains of those killed were repatriated in 1994.
1879	September 30	Meeker Massacre	In the beginning of the Ute War, the Ute killed the US Indian Agent Nathan Meeker and 10 others. They also attacked a military unit, killing 13 and wounding 43.
1880	April 28	Alma Massacre	The Apache chief Victorio led warriors in an attack on settlers at Alma, New Mexico. On December 19, 1885, the Apache killed an officer and four enlisted men of the 8th Cavalry Regiment near Alma.
1889	November 2	Kelvin Grade Massacre	The Apache Kid (Haskay-bay-nay-ntayl) and his gang escaped police custody, killing two sheriffs and wounding one settler near present-day Globe, Arizona.
1890	December 29	Wounded Knee Massacre	Members of the U.S. 7th Cavalry attacked and killed between 130 and 250 Sioux men, women and children at Wounded Knee, South Dakota.
1911	January 19	Last Massacre	A group of Shoshone killed four ranchers in Washoe County, Nevada. On February 26, 1911, an American posse killed eight of the Shoshone suspects and captured four children from the band.