IMPATT Diode

An IMPATT diode (IMPact ionization Avalanche Transit-Time) is a form of high-power diode used in high-frequency electronics and microwave devices. They are typically made with silicon carbide owing to their high breakdown fields.

They operate at frequencies between about 3 and 100 GHz or more. A main advantage is their high-power capability. These diodes are used in a variety of applications from low-power radar systems to alarms. A major drawback of using IMPATT diodes is the high level of phase noise they generate. This results from the statistical nature of the avalanche process. Nevertheless these diodes make excellent microwave generators for many applications.