Morbidity and Mortality
Mortality caused by hPIV in developed regions of the world remains rare. Where mortality has occurred, it is principally in the three core risk groups (very young, elderly and immuno-compromised). Long term changes can however be associated with airway remodelling and are believed to be a significant cause of morbidity. The exact associations between hPIV and diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are still being investigated.
In developing regions of the world, the highest risk group in terms of mortality remains pre-school children. Mortality may be as a consequence of primary viral infection or secondary problems such as bacterial infection. Predispositions, such as malnutrition and other deficiencies may further elevate the chances of mortality associated with infection.
Overall, LRI's cause approximately 25-30% of total deaths in pre-school children in the developing world. hPIV is believed to be associated with 10% of all LRI cases, thus remaining a significant cause of mortality.
Read more about this topic: Human Parainfluenza Viruses
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