Associated Conditions
While most cases of horseshoe kidneys are asymptomatic and discovered upon autopsy, the condition may increase the risk for:
- Kidney obstruction - abnormal placement of ureter may lead to obstruction and dilation of the kidney.
- Kidney infections - associated with vesicoureteral reflux.
- Kidney stones - deviant orientation of kidneys combined with slow urine flow and kidney obstruction may lead to kidney stones.
- Kidney cancer - increased risk of renal cancer, especially Wilms' tumor, transitional cell carcinoma, and an occasional case report of carcinoid tumor. Despite increased risk, the overall risk is still relatively low.
The prevalence of horseshoe kidneys in females with Turner Syndrome is about 15%.
It can be associated with trisomy 18.
Read more about this topic: Horseshoe Kidney
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