Devanagari Script
The Devanagari script is an abugida writing system, so the written form of consonants have an inherent default vowel afterward, namely a schwa. In certain contexts, such as at the end of words, these schwas are deleted in correct Hindi pronunciation, in a phenomenon called the schwa syncope. Devanagari consonants which have other vowels afterward use diacritical marks around the consonant. The script is written from left to right, with a top-bar connecting the letters together.
| अ | आ | इ | ई | उ | ऊ | ए | ऐ | ओ | औ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ə | aː | ɪ | iː | ʊ | uː | eː | ɛː | oː | ɔː |
| क | ख | ख़ | ग | ग़ | घ | ङ | |||
| k | kʰ | x | ɡ | ɣ | ɡʱ | ŋ | |||
| च | छ | ज | ज़ | झ | ञ | ||||
| t͡ʃ | t͡ʃʰ | d͡ʒ | z | d͡ʒʱ | ɲ | ||||
| ट | ठ | ड | ड़ | ढ | ढ़ | ण | |||
| ʈ | ʈʰ | ɖ | ɽ | ɖʱ | ɽʱ | ɳ | |||
| त | थ | द | ध | न | |||||
| t̪ | t̪ʰ | d̪ | d̪ʱ | n | |||||
| प | फ | फ़ | ब | भ | म | ||||
| p | pʰ | f | b | bʱ | m | ||||
| य | र | ल | व | श | ष | स | ह | ||
| j | r | l | ʋ | ʃ | ʂ | s | h |
क्ष kṣ is pronounced /kʃ/ and ज्ञ jñ is /ɡj/.
Read more about this topic: Hindustani Orthography
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