Henson is a surname, and may refer to:
- Alan Henson, Welsh rugby player
- Ant Henson, British singer-songwriter
- Basil Henson (1918–1990), British actor
- Bill Henson (born 1955), Australian photographer
- Brian Henson (born 1963), puppeteer, director, and producer
- Deborah Henson-Conant, harpist
- Drew Henson, former Major League Baseball player and current American football quarterback
- Elden Henson, American actor
- Gavin Henson (born 1982), Welsh Rugby Union player, son of Alan Henson
- Gladys Henson (1897–1982), British actress
- Herbert Hensley Henson, British bishop
- Jane Henson
- Jeff Henson (born 1963), Colorado Director Service Operations, High school Baseball Coach, All Conference & All State Baseball Player, Former Minor League Baseball player
- Jim Henson (1936–1990), puppeteer and creator of the Muppets, as well as the organizations below that bear his name
- John Henson, TV show host
- John Henson (puppeteer), son of Jim Henson
- Josiah Henson (1789–1883), famed fugitive American slave
- Keith Henson, science and science-fiction writer and activist against the Church of Scientology
- Keith Henson, Yorkshire born Landscape and Commercial Photographer and founder of Northscape
- Leslie Henson (1891–1957), British actor
- Lou Henson, college basketball coach
- Martin Henson, British computer scientist
- Matthew Henson (1866–1955), an American explorer who may have been the first to reach the geographic North Pole with Robert Peary in 1909
- Mishavonna Henson, American Idol contestant
- Nicky Henson, British actor, son of Leslie Henson
- Richard A. Henson (1910-2002), an American test pilot, flight school operator, and founder of the modern "commuter airline" concept.
- Taraji P. Henson, American actress and singer
- Tim Henson, Host of popular podcast Distorted View Daily
- William Henson (1812–1888), aviation pioneer
Read more about Henson: Other Uses