Harold M. Ickes

Harold M. Ickes

Harold McEwen Ickes (/ˈɪkiːz/; born September 4, 1939) was White House Deputy Chief of Staff for President Bill Clinton. He is the son of Harold L. Ickes, who was Secretary of the Interior under Franklin D. Roosevelt. Ickes is a graduate of Stanford University (1964, AB, Economics) and Columbia Law School. Ickes was a student civil rights activist in the 1960s and took part in Freedom Summer. He has practiced labor law for many years in New York City. He was the model for the Primary Colors character Howard Fergerson.