Distribution
M is the single most common mtDNA haplogroup in Asia, and peaks in Bangladesh where it represents two thirds of the maternal lineages, and is ubiquitous in India where it has a 60% frequency.
Due to its great age, haplogroup M is an mtDNA lineage which does not correspond well to present-day ethnic groups, as it spans Siberian, Native American, East Asian, Southeast Asian, Central Asian, South Asian, Melanesian as well as Egyptian, Ethiopian, Somali, European, and various Middle Eastern populations in lesser frequency.
Among the descendants of M are C, D, E, G, Q, and Z, with Z and G being observed in North Eurasian populations, C and D being shared among North Eurasian and Native American populations, E being observed in Southeast Asian populations, and Q being observed in Melanesian populations. The lineages M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M18 and M25 are exclusive to South Asia, with M2 reported to be the oldest lineage on the Indian sub-continent.
Read more about this topic: Haplogroup M (mt DNA)
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