Life-cycle Greenhouse-gas Emissions of Energy Sources
A literature review of numerous energy sources CO2 emissions by the IPCC in 2011, found that, the CO2 emission value, that fell within the 50th percentile of all total life cycle emissions studies conducted, was as follows.
| Technology | Description | 50th percentile (g CO2/kWhe) |
|---|---|---|
| Hydroelectric | reservoir | 4 |
| Wind | onshore | 12 |
| Nuclear | various generation II reactor types | 16 |
| Biomass | various | 18 |
| Solar thermal | parabolic trough | 22 |
| Geothermal | hot dry rock | 45 |
| Solar PV | Polycrystaline silicon | 46 |
| Natural gas | various combined cycle turbines without scrubbing | 469 |
| Coal | various generator types without scrubbing | 1001 |
Read more about this topic: Greenhouse Gas
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