Definitions
Alternative definition for a Giuga number due to Takashi Agoh is: a composite number n is a Giuga number if and only if the congruence
holds true, where B is a Bernoulli number and is Euler's totient function.
An equivalent formulation due to Giuseppe Giuga is: a composite number n is a Giuga number if and only if the congruence
and if and only if
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