The frontal air sinuses are lined by mucous membrane, and each communicates with the corresponding nasal cavity by means of a passage called the frontonasal duct.
This infundibulum located within the ethmoid bone connects the nasal cavity with the frontal air sinuses.
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Bones of head and neck: the neurocranium of the skull (TA A02.1.01–07, GA 2.129–155)
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| Occipital |
| Squama |
- external
- Inion/External occipital protuberance
- External occipital crest
- Nuchal lines
- planes
- internal
- Cruciform eminence
- Internal occipital protuberance
- Sagittal sulcus
- Internal occipital crest
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| Lateral parts |
- Condyle
- Condyloid fossa
- Condylar canal
- Hypoglossal canal
- jugular
- Jugular process
- Jugular tubercle
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| Basilar part |
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| Other |
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| Parietal |
- Parietal eminence
- Temporal line
- Parietal foramen
- Sagittal sulcus
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| Frontal |
| Squama |
- Frontal suture
- Frontal eminence
- external
- Superciliary arches
- Glabella
- foramina
- Zygomatic process
- internal
- Sagittal sulcus
- Frontal crest
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| Orbital part |
- Ethmoidal notch
- Fossa for lacrimal gland
- Trochlear fovea
- Frontal sinus
- Frontonasal duct
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| Temporal |
| Squama |
- Articular tubercle
- Suprameatal triangle
- Mandibular fossa
- Petrotympanic fissure
- Zygomatic process
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| Mastoid part |
- Mastoid foramen
- Mastoid process (Mastoid cells)
- Mastoid notch
- Occipital groove
- Sigmoid sulcus
- Mastoid antrum (Aditus)
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| Petrous part |
- Carotid canal
- Facial canal (Hiatus)
- Internal auditory meatus
- Cochlear aqueduct
- Stylomastoid foramen
- fossae
- Subarcuate fossa
- Jugular fossa
- canaliculi
- Inferior tympanic
- Mastoid
- Styloid process
- Petrosquamous suture
- (note: ossicles in petrous part, but not part of temporal bone)
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| Tympanic part |
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| Sphenoid |
| Surfaces |
- Superior surface: Sella turcica
- Dorsum sellae
- Tuberculum sellae
- Hypophysial fossa
- Posterior clinoid processes
- Ethmoidal spine
- Chiasmatic groove
- Middle clinoid process
- Petrosal process
- Clivus
- Lateral surface: Carotid groove
- Sphenoidal lingula
- Anterior surface: Sphenoidal sinuses
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| Great wings |
- foramina
- Rotundum
- Ovale
- Vesalii
- Spinosum
- Spine
- Infratemporal crest
- Sulcus for auditory tube
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| Small wings |
- Superior orbital fissure
- Anterior clinoid process
- Optic canal
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Pterygoid
processes |
- fossae
- pterygoid plates
- Pterygoid canal
- Hamulus
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| Other |
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| Ethmoid |
| Plates |
- Cribriform plate
- Crista galli
- Olfactory foramina
- Perpendicular plate
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| Surfaces |
- Lateral surface Orbital lamina
- Uncinate process
- Medial surface Superior nasal concha
- Superior meatus
- Middle nasal concha
- Middle meatus
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| Labyrinth |
- Ethmoid sinus
- ethmoidal foramina
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M: BON/CAR
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anat (c/f/k/f, u, t/p, l)/phys/devp/cell
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noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug (M5)
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Head and neck, upper RT: Nose (TA A06.1, TH H3.05.01, GA 10.992)
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| External nose |
Ala of nose
nasal cartilages (of the septum, Greater alar, Lesser alar, Lateral nasal, Accessory nasal, Vomeronasal)
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| Nasal cavity |
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Openings
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Nasal vestibule · Nostril · Posterior nasal apertures
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Lateral wall
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Nasal concha/meati: Superior nasal concha · Middle nasal concha · Inferior nasal concha · Superior nasal meatus · Middle nasal meatus · Inferior nasal meatus
Sphenoethmoidal recess · Ethmoid bulla · Agger nasi · Ethmoidal infundibulum · Semilunar hiatus · Maxillary hiatus
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Medial wall
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Nasal septum · Vomeronasal organ
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Mucous membrane
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Olfactory mucosa
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| Paranasal sinuses |
Maxillary sinus · Sphenoidal sinuses · Frontal sinus · Ethmoid sinus
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| Naso-pharynx |
Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube (Salpingopharyngeal fold, Salpingopalatine fold, Torus tubarius) · Pharyngeal tonsil · Pharyngeal recess
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M: RES
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anat (n, x, l, c)/phys/devp
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noco (c, p)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug (R1/2/3/5/6/7)
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