Ford Pinto Engine - Lima OHC (LL) - 2.3 (LL23)

2.3 (LL23)

The Ford Pinto used the OHC version, a 2.3 L (2302 cc) unit introduced in 1974 which has a 96.0 mm (3.78 in) bore and 79.5 mm (3.13 in) stroke. This version lasted until 1997 in various guises. The earliest units produced 66 kW (88 hp) and 160 N·m (118 lb·ft). This engine has also been known as the Lima engine, after the Lima Engine plant in Lima, Ohio, where it was first manufactured (it was also later manufactured in Brazil).

In 1979-80, a draw-through, non-intercooled turbo version was produced for Mustang Cobras and some Capris. Lack of dealership and owner training resulted in many stuck turbochargers and other maintenance problems. They were limited to 5 PSI of boost though Ford Motorsport sold a wastegate with an adjustable rod which allowed an increase of up to 9 PSI. It was used in this carbureted form in a number of passenger cars, from the Fairmont Futura Turbo to the 1979 Indy Pace Car edition Mustang.

In the 1980s, a turbocharged and intercooled version was used in the Ford Thunderbird Turbo Coupe. This was made practical by the introduction of Ford's EECIV port fuel injection system; 1983's 2.3 Liter Turbo was the first production implementation of that advance in technology, which paved the way for across the board use in many Ford passenger car; however, the turbo version never made it into any Ford trucks. Output for this turbo/intercooled version was 142 kW (190 hp) and 325 N·m (240 lb·ft) for the 1987-88 models with the (T-5) 5-speed manual transmission.

The turbocharged and intercooled 2.3 was also used in the 1984-86 Mustang SVO, while the 1983–1984 Mustang TurboGT, 1985-89 Merkur XR4Ti, 1983–1986 Thunderbird Turbo Coupe and 1984–1986 Mercury Cougar XR7 all skipped the intercooler on their turbo versions, which dropped output to 155 hp (116 kW) and 205 ft·lbf (278 N·m) of torque. The SVO Mustang's output increased in 1985½ to 205 HP.

A dual-spark version (with two spark plugs per cylinder and distributor-less ignition) was introduced in the 1989 Ford Ranger and 1991 Ford Mustang. This version produced 78 kW (105 hp) and 183 N·m (135 lb·ft).

Applications:

  • Naturally Aspirated
    • Ford Aerostar
    • Ford Courier
    • Ford Pinto
    • Ford Ranger/Mazda B-Series (North America)
    • Ford Mustang
    • 1975–1979 Ford Maverick Brazilian models
    • Ford Jeep CJ-5 Brazilian models
    • Ford Rural, F-75 pick up Brazilian models
    • Ford Taunus Argentina models
    • Ford Sierra Argentina models
    • Ford Falcon (Argentina)
    • Ford Fairmont
    • Mercury Bobcat
    • Mercury Capri
    • Ford Mustang II
    • Mercury Zephyr
    • 1983–1986 Ford LTD (Optional)
  • Turbo
    • 1979–1980 Ford Mustang, Mercury Capri (carbureted)
    • 1980 Ford Fairmont, Mercury Zephyr (carbureted)
    • 1985–1989 Merkur XR4Ti
    • 1983–1986 Thunderbird Turbo Coupe
    • 1984–1986 Mercury Cougar XR7
    • 1983–1984 Mustang TurboGT (W Code)
    • 1983–1984 Capri Turbo RS
  • Turbo/Intercooler
    • 1987–1988 Ford Thunderbird Turbo Coupe
    • 1984–1986 Ford Mustang SVO
  • used as a conversion engine on VW based cars like Sandrail and Baja Bug

Read more about this topic:  Ford Pinto Engine, Lima OHC (LL)