Fatima Jinnah

Fatima Jinnah English IPA:, (Urdu: فاطمہ جناح‎; July 30, 1893 — July 9, 1967), was a dental surgeon, biographer, stateswoman, and one of the leading Founding mothers of modern-state of Pakistan, and was also the younger sister of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan.

Educated and obtaining the dental degree from the University of Calcutta, accompanied Muhammad Ali Jinnah, taking active participation in the politics, and was an influential political figure in the movement for independence from the British Indian Empire. After the declaration of the Pakistan Resolution in 1940, Fatima Jinnah was one of the influential and founding members of the Pakistan Movement, calling for independence of independent Muslims states into one national identity. During at this time, Fatima Jinnah also played a pivotal role in civil rights and introduced the women's rights movement in the Pakistan Movement. After the independence, Fatima Jinnah co-founded the Pakistan Women's Association (APWA), while significantly played an integral role in the settlement of the Urdu-speaking mass in the newly formed country.

After the death of her brother, she continued to work for the welfare of the Pakistan's people though charities and the institutions. Her active role in national politics return in 1965 after Jinnah announced her presidential candidacy running against Ayub Khan in the 1965 elections, traveling West-Pakistan and East-Pakistan on emergence during the election campaign, promising to initiate Jinnah's vision of Pakistan, promulgation of the equal civil rights, education and vowed to solve the energy crises. She conceded her defeat in the elections, with many experts believing that the ballots were forcefully rigged by Ayub Khan and his son. After battling a long illness, Fatima Jinnah died on in Karachi, Sindh Province of West-Pakistan on July 9, 1967. After her death, Fatima Jinnah was honored and she is commonly known in Pakistan as Khātūn-e Pākistān (Urdu: — "Lady of Pakistan") and Māder-e Millat ("Mother of the Nation.").