False discovery rate (FDR) control is a statistical method used in multiple hypothesis testing to correct for multiple comparisons. In a list of statistically significant findings (i.e. studies where the null-hypothesis could be rejected), FDR procedures are designed to control the expected proportion of incorrectly rejected null hypotheses ("false discoveries"). FDR controlling procedures exert a less stringent control over false discovery compared to familywise error rate (FWER) procedures (such as the Bonferroni correction). This increases power at the cost of increasing the rate of type I errors, i.e., rejecting the null hypothesis of no effect when it should be accepted.
Read more about False Discovery Rate: Properties, Controlling Procedures, False Coverage Rate, Related Error Rates
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—Mary Barnett Gilson (1877–?)