Effects
The embargo, which halted the shipment of material such as airplanes, parts, machine tools, and aviation gasoline, was designed to be an unfriendly act, but expanding it to include oil was specifically avoided. Japan was dependent on U.S. oil, and it was thought at the time that such would be a provocative step.
The Act was expanded in September of that year to include iron and steel scrap, an act that Japanese Ambassador Horinouchi warned Secretary Hull on October 8, 1940 might be considered an "unfriendly act".
Controls were first authorized in 1940 in regard to munitions and similar materials essential to the defense effort, and extended in 1942 to all commodities. Always intended to be only temporary, the 1940 act was successfully extended in 1944, 1945, 1946 and 1947.
Read more about this topic: Export Control Act
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