History and Production
Pure EGDN was first produced by L. Henry in 1870 by dropping a small amount of ethylene glycol into a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids cooled to 0°C. The previous year, August Kekulé had produced pure EGDN by the nitration of ethylene, but this was actually contaminated with beta-nitroethyl nitrate.
EGDN can be produced either through the nitration of ethylene glycol:
- C2H4(OH)2 + 2 HNO3 → C2H4(ONO2)2 + 2 H2O
or through the reaction of ethylene oxide and dinitrogen pentoxide:
- C2H4O + N2O5 → C2H4(ONO2)2
Read more about this topic: Ethylene Glycol Dinitrate
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