Chemical Synthesis
Epinephrine may be synthesized by the reaction of catechol (1) with chloroacetyl chloride (2), followed by the reaction with methylamine to give the ketone (4), which is reduced to the desired hydroxy compound (5). The racemic mixture may be separated using tartaric acid.
For isolation from the adrenal glands tissue of livestock:
- J. Takamine, J. Soc. Chem. Ind., 20, 746 (1901).
- J. B. Aldrich, Am. J. Physiol., 5, 457 (1901).
Synthetic production:
- A. F. Stolz, Chem. Ber., 37, 4149 (1904).
- K. R. Payne, Ind. Chem. Chem. Manuf., 37, 523 (1961).
- H. Loewe, Arzneimittel-Forsch., 4, 583 (1954).
- Farbenwerke Meister Lucins & Bruning in Hochst a.M., DE 152814 (1903).
- Farbenwerke Meister Lucins & Bruning in Hochst a.M., DE 157300 (1903).
- Farbenwerke Meister Lucins & Bruning in Hochst a.M., DE 222451 (1908).
- Tullar, B. F. (1948). "The resolution of dl-arterenol". Journal of the American Chemical Society 70 (6): 2067. doi:10.1021/ja01186a024. PMID 18863798. edit
- D. Flacher, Z. Physiol. Chem., 58, 189 (1908).
Read more about this topic: Epinephrine
Famous quotes containing the words chemical and/or synthesis:
“Ants are so much like human beings as to be an embarrassment. They farm fungi, raise aphids as livestock, launch armies into war, use chemical sprays to alarm and confuse enemies, capture slaves, engage in child labor, exchange information ceaselessly. They do everything but watch television.”
—Lewis Thomas (b. 1913)
“Our art is the finest, the noblest, the most suggestive, for it is the synthesis of all the arts. Sculpture, painting, literature, elocution, architecture, and music are its natural tools. But while it needs all of those artistic manifestations in order to be its whole self, it asks of its priest or priestess one indispensable virtue: “faith.””
—Sarah Bernhardt (1845–1923)