Ellen Gracie
Ellen Gracie Northfleet (, born February 16, 1948, Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian judge of American descent. She is the first woman to be appointed to the Supreme Court of Brazil and the Court's first female president.
On August 8, 2011 she retired from the Court, 7 years before the full extension a mandate that would go until 70 years old.
There was no formal announcement of her decision to retire and no formal ceremony at her departure.
After her departure the Brazilian Association of Federal Judges published a public statement requesting that a representative of the Federal Magistrature be appointed for her position. Ellen Gracie was not a career magistrate since she did not write the exams to become a Federal Judge, as is the case for members of the Federal Magistrature. She was nominated for the position by then Brazilian president Fernando Henrique Cardoso.
Read more about Ellen Gracie: Education
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“I envy neither the heart nor the head of any legislator who has been born to an inheritance of privileges, who has behind him ages of education, dominion, civilization, and Christianity, if he stands opposed to the passage of a national education bill, whose purpose is to secure education to the children of those who were born under the shadow of institutions which made it a crime to read.”
—Frances Ellen Watkins Harper (1825–1911)