Technology Developments
The development of half-inch cassette formats (such as Betacam), removed the need for a separate recorder to be carried. These "camcorders" no longer a needed an "umbilical cord" between the camera and recorder, which reduced health and safety risks for crews.
Digital video and audio formats, which emerged in the 1990s and early 2000s, meant that various new forms of recording devices could be used, including hard disc drives, solid state media and smaller video tape formats, such as DVCPro.
Point-to-point terrestrial microwave signals to backhaul the remote signal to the studio became increasingly used. More recently, satellite and digital satellites are used to transmit audio and video.
Improvements in video encoding for IP have provided lower-cost and more compact alternatives to microwave transmission. Using technology such as multicast or RTP over UDP, these systems achieve similar performance to high end-microwave. Since the video stream is already encoded for IP, the video can be used for traditional TV broadcast or Internet distribution without modification (live to air).
As mobile broadband has developed, broadcast devices using this technology have appeared. These devices are often more compact than previous technology and can aggregate multiple mobile data lines to deliver a HD quality content live.
Read more about this topic: Electronic News-gathering
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